ENGLISH PROFICIENCY EXAMFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR POSTGRADUATE STUDENTSTIANJIN UNIVERSITYJan. 5th, PART 1: Vocabulary (20%)Directions: In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Mutual endeavor has shaped our world, and mutualism, the belief that individual and collective well-being is obtainable only by mutual dependence, _ family life, relationships and society.A. underpinsB. overstatesC. underlinesD. overcomes2. A man of original power can never be _ within the limits of a single field of interest and activity, nor can he ever be content to bear the marks and use the skill of a single occupation.A. locatedB. liberatedC. committedD. confined3. As a result of technological convergence and progress in digitization, the laboratories of computer technology and consumer electronics firms are _ in the race for innovation and sophistication.A. searchingB. competingC. interveningD. absorbing4. The degree in which a man _ his work and gives it the quality of his own mind and spirit is the measure of his success in giving his nature free and full expression. A. demolishesB. standardizesC. individualizesD. abolishes5. In common with other developed economies, Britain has advocated the creation of a high-skilled, high-waged economy by _ the education and skills of its workforce.A. renewingB. overthrowingC. decreasingD. upgrading6. No one on the planet is going to escape the effects of global warming, and for billions the resulting environmental deterioration is going to make life _ more difficult.A. considerablyB. terminallyC. originallyD. regularly7. Digital television will enable users to access a wide range of new services, such as pay-per-view TV, the downloading of video games or software, or channels _ in sports or teleshopping.A. interferingB. specializingC. participatingD. consisting8. Earthquakes are immensely destructive, mainly because most cities in regions of high seismic risk are dominated by buildings that are simply not built well enough to _ the severe ground shaking of a major quake.A. sustainB. withstandC. guaranteeD. inspect9. By giving students access to a new world of information, sparking creativity, and _ rich communication and collaboration across vast distances, computers have long been a powerful tool for education.A. preventingB. disruptingC. facilitatingD. manipulating10. While more and more women are _ roles as managers, a new study reveals that these women are increasingly turning to the stereotypically more male traits, such as aggression, to get results.A. definingB. assumingC. regardingD. interpreting11. The potential negative effects of violent video games on adolescent antisocial behavior, and youth violence _, is a highly debated issue, both in academic circles and among the general public and policy makers.A. on averageB. on purposeC. in particularD. in advance12. A new digital watermarking system not only protects music and media files from online pirates but also ensures that the quality for _ users is as good as it gets.A. unauthorizedB. temporaryC. maliciousD. legitimate13. There is relatively little _ of opinion and scholarship about whether generational differences exist that are worth taking into consideration in the workplace, colleges, and universities, and other contexts.A. permissionB. minorityC. absenceD. consensus14. Young peoples worlds have changed in a variety of ways, many of which have a _ on the sort of education and training that they demand.A. contactB. bearingC. leadD. stake15. Nowadays graduates in the labor market are expected to be flexible, to direct and steer their own work as well as that of others, to take responsibility and to mould jobs to make best use of their _ in the global market economy.A. expectationsB. blundersC. competenciesD. defects16. No generation is more at ease with online, collaborative technologies than todays young people“digital natives”, who have grown up in a/n _ computing environment.A. immersiveB. emergentC. hostileD. rural17. Whereas university research and development departments may once have been the primary arena for testing new tools and theories, the survey data reveal that corporations now have the _ in adopting new innovations.A. rightB. edgeC. controlD. license18. Access to technology in school is particularly important _ increasing disparities in technology access outside of school.A. in tune withB. in line withC. in need ofD. in light of19. Taking an international overview on anything, in this case the out-of-school education of the gifted and t