Antigen/Antibody - Weilin chen 2012.101. An antibody made against the antigen tetanus toxoid (TT) reacts with it even when the TT is denatured by disrupting all disulfide bonds. Another antibody against TT fails to react when the TT is similarly denatured. The most likely explanation can be stated as follows ( )A. The first antibody is specific for several epitopes expressed by TTB. The first antibody is specific for the primary amino acid sequence of TT, whereas the second is specific for conformational determinantsC. The second antibody is specific for disulfide bondsD. The first antibody has a higher affinity for TTE. All of the above.2. A 24-year-old medical student is having some difficulty in understanding the role that antibodies play in the destruction of cells due to complement lysis.The professor decidesthat seeing is believing and so sends the student to the laboratory.The student is giventwo flasks. One flask contains antibodies isolated from an individual whose ABO phenotype is A. In the other flask there are red blood cells from an individual whose phenotype is unknown. The student is directed to put the red blood cells into the dish containing agar, and to add the isolated antibodies. In the second step, the student is directed to add all the complement proteins, required for cell lysis, to the agar dish. Following incubation of 37oC, the red blood cells are lysed. The phenotype of the individual from whom the red blood cells were isolated could have been( )A. only ABB. only BC. only AD. either AB, B or AE. either AB or B3. You prescribe penicillin for your patient.The patient develops a severe allergic reaction anddies. In this case, the penicillin molecule was probably acting as a (an) ( )A. adjuvant.B. hapten.C. immunologic carrier.D. immunotoxinE. mitogen4. An adjuva nt is a substa nee that()A. in creases the size of the immunogenB. enhances the immunogeni city of hapte nsC. in creases the chemical complexity of the immunogenD. enhan ces the immune resp onse to the immunogenE. enhances immuno logic cross-reactivity5. Properties of hapte ns include()A. Im munogeni city and an tige ni cityB. an tige nicity but no immunogeni cityC. Immunogenicity but no antigenicityD. Neither immunogenicity nor an tige nicityE. Macromolecular n ature6. In the serum of most no rmal in dividuals, the class of immuno globuli n that in creases in chronicinfections is which?()A. Ig AB. IgEC. IgGD. Ig ME. Ig D7. Describe the general structure of an antibody, and define which portion is responsible for thean tige n-specificity.8. If you were to develop a new therapy based on neutralizing antibodies, which part of the an tibody would you engin eer to avoid in flammatory reacti ons? Why?Complement/immune response -Wei Chen1. What is the disti nction betwee n T-cell epitope and B-cell epitope?2. Compare the activator, C3 con vertase and C5 con vertase among three compleme nt activati on pathway.3. Describe the double sig nals for T cell activati on.4. Describe the general features of Ab responses in vivo, compare primary humoral immune resp onse with sec on dary humoral immune resp on se.5. The immuno globuli n fragme nt that binds C1q is:A. FabB. FvC. F(abbD. Fc6. Which of followi ng factors is NOT the in hibitor of the compleme nt activati on pathway?A. C1INHB. Factor BC. C4bpD. Factor I7. Which of the follow ing Compleme nt can enhance ops oni zati on:A. C3bB. C5aC. C2bD. C88. The biological fun cti on of compleme nt does NOT in clude:A. Lysis of erythrocytes by the en zyme lecith in ase.B. NK-mediated lysis of tumor cells.C. An tibody-mediated lysis of bacteria.D. Phagocytosis.9. Which of follow ing stimulators will result i n T cell an ergy?A. With the first sig nal and the co-stimulatory sig nal.B. Without the first sig nal and the co-stimulatory sig nal.C. With the first signal, without the co-stimulatory signal.D. Without the first signal, with the co-stimulatory signal.10. Which of following one is NOT happened in humoral immune response to TD-Ag?A. BCR cross-li nking.B. Heavy cha in class switch ing.C. Affinity maturati on.D. The in teract ion betwee n Th cells and B cells.11. Which of following one is NOT the character of memory T cells?A. CD45RA- , CD45RO+.B. Express CD40.C. Cells with long lifespa n.D. Mediate faster, stron ger and more effective immune resp on se.Hypersensitivity -Jianzhong Chen1. What is the seque nee of eve nts in a typical immediate hyperse nsitivity react ion?2. What are the most com mon clin ical and pathologic mani festatio ns of immuno deficie ncy diseases?3. Peni cilli n can causeA. Type I hypersensitivityB. Type I & n hypersensitivityC. Type I , n & 川 hypersensitivityD. Type I , n ,川 & W hypersensitivityE. Type n & 川 hypersensitivity2, Which CD molecule can bind with HIV specificall