The Characteristics and Translation of English for Science and Technology (EST)Acknowledgement The preparation of this paper has been a long and hard but exciting and meaningful project and one, which would not have been possible without the help and encouragement of my teachers, parents, and friends.Throughout the process of writing my thesis, I obtained much help and encouragement from my supervisor Professor Tan Weiguo and all my respectable teachers in the Foreign Languages College of Shanghai Normal University during my four-year collage studies. I have benefited a lot from their meticulous scholarship, great attainment, and patient encouragement. I want take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to them. Then, I want to express my heartfelt thanks to my dear parents. They worked very hard to raise me up and give me this opportunity to be educated in Shanghai Normal University. They show me all their love and offer me a great deal of encouragement in the process of writing the paper. I love them endlessly. In addition, I would like to thank my best friend Sun Hefei, who provided his PC to support me to write this paper. Finally, I want to acknowledge the contribution of my beloved friends who brought me a lot of happiness during the process of my writing.AbstractWith the worldwide dissemination of science and technique, English for science and technology has been developed into an important language in the scope of science and technology. Since the 1970s, it has aroused extensive attention and led to much research among different nations. English for science and technology plays an important role in scientific and technical communication all over the world. In order to put it into more common use, translators have translated many scientific and technical documents. This paper discusses the translation of English for science and technology according to my own experience.The paper is divided essentially into four parts. Firstly, it introduces the development of English for science and technology, what the English for science and technology includes and the characteristics of scientific documents. The first part covers the basic conceptions and principles of translation, including what translation is, what the principles of translation are, the literal and free translation approaches, and basic information about translation of English for science and technology.The second part, the most important part of this paper, shows the main characteristics of English for science and technology and their translating methods. The third part introduces the elegance in the translation of science and technology. And it also includes my own opinion about the topic. Finally, the paper sums up some key points about translation of English for science and technology on the basis of what is introduced previously. I hope that readers will obtain some knowledge about the translation of English for science and technology from this paper. And I hope this paper will serve as reference and guidance for the students who are interested in English for science and technology. 摘 要随着科学技术在全球范围内的广泛传播，科技英语已经发展成为一种重要的英语语体，七十年代以来引起了国际上的广泛注意。科技英语是各国进行科学技术交流的重要工具。为了更广泛的让大家知道更多关于科技英语的知识，科技英语语体的特点和翻译方法成了翻译者们的热门研究课题。我将在这篇论文里，根据自己学习掌握到的科技英语的特点和一些翻译方面的理论知识，谈一谈科技英语的翻译。 论文大致分为四个部分。论文首先介绍了科技英语的发展、科技文献的特点和科技文献的内容。第一部分简单介绍了翻译的基本理论，如翻译的概念、翻译得原则标准、直译和意译以及翻译与科技英语。论文的第二部分是主要部分，介绍了科技英语的主要特点及各个特点的主要的翻译方法并举例说明。最后简单介绍了科技英语翻译中的文采问题同时也表达了自己的观点。在论文的最后通过以上的介绍总结了科技英语汉译要点。 通过这篇论文的介绍，希望读者对于科技英语有一个初步的了解，能掌握一些科技英语翻译的简单方法，给今后科技英语翻译的学习作一个借鉴和参考。CONTENTS PageAcknowledgement 2Abstract . 3I. Introduction . 6II. Brief Discussion of Main Characteristics of EST . 2.1 The Vocabulary of EST 2.2 General Use of Nominalization . 2.3 Extensive use of the passive voice . 2.4 The Long and Complicated Sentences . 2.5 More Non-Finite Forms of Verbs . . III Basic Translation Theory 3.1 Definition of Translation . 3.2 Translation Standards3.3 Major Translation Approaches3.4 Translation Process . Translation of English for Science and Technology(EST) . 4.1 Literal Translation of EST 4.2 Free Translation of EST4.3 . . Conclusion . . . References .IntroductionThe English for Science and Technology (EST) emerged in the 1950s (冯梅，2000：加页码) It was the outcome of the swift development of scienc