wordUSP38 NF33 STERILITY TESTS无菌检查法Portions of this general chapter have been harmonized with the corresponding texts of the European Pharmacopeia and/or the Japanese Pharmacopeia. Those portions that are not harmonized are marked with symbols () to specify this fact.本检查法已与欧洲药典和日本药局方对应部分进行了协调，不一致的部分用符号()标注。These Pharmacopeial procedures are not by themselves designed to ensure that a batch of product is sterile or has been sterilized. This is acplished primarily by validation of the sterilization process or of the aseptic processing procedures.按药典规定的无菌检验本身并不能确保一批产品无菌或已经灭菌，产品的无菌性主要通过对灭菌工艺或者无菌保障程序的验证来完成。The test is applied to substances, preparations, or articles which, according to the Pharmacopeia, are required to be sterile. However, a satisfactory result only indicates that no contaminating microorganism has been found in the sample examined under the conditions of the test.无菌检查法系用于检查药典要求无菌的药物、制剂产品和其他物品是否无菌的一种方法。若供试品符合无菌检查法的规定，仅表明供试品在该检验条件下未发现微生物污染。PRECAUTIONS AGAINST MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION预防微生物污染The test for sterility is carried out under aseptic conditions. In order to achieve such conditions, the test environment has to be adapted to the way in which the sterility test is performed. The precautions taken to avoid contamination are such that they do not affect any microorganisms that are to be revealed in the test. The working conditions in which the tests are performed are monitored regularly by appropriate sampling of the working area and by carrying out appropriate controls.无菌检查应在无菌条件下进行，为了达到该条件，检测环境应符合无菌检查的规定。防止污染的措施不得影响供试品中微生物的检出。检测环境应定期抽样监测并进行适当的控制。CULTURE MEDIA AND INCUBATION TEMPERATURES培养基和培养温度Media for the test may be prepared as described below or equivalent mercial media may be used provided that they ply with the requirements of the Growth Promotion Test of Aerobes, Anaerobes, and Fungi.无菌检查需制备下表所述培养基，或者是能够符合需气菌、厌氧菌、真菌促生长试验要求的同等的商用培养基。The following culture media have been found to be suitable for the test for sterility. Fluid Thioglycollate Medium is primarily intended for the culture of anaerobic bacteria. However, it will also detect aerobic bacteria. SoybeanCasein Digest Medium is suitable for the culture of bothfungi and aerobic bacteria.以下培养基已经被证实适合用于无菌检查，硫乙醇酸盐流体培养基主要用于厌氧菌的培养，但其也可用于需气菌培养。大豆-酪胨培养基适合于培养真菌和需气菌。硫乙醇酸盐流体培养基L-胱氨酸氯化钠水合葡萄糖/无水葡萄糖琼脂酵母提取物（水溶的）胰酶消化酪蛋白胨硫乙醇酸钠或硫乙醇酸0.3 mL新配制的刃天青水溶液（1:1000）纯化水1000 mL0.2.0.2。Mix the L-cystine, agar, sodium chloride, dextrose, yeast extract, and pancreatic digest of casein with the purified water, and heat until solution is effected. Dissolve the sodium thioglycollate or thioglycolic acid in the solution and, if necessary, add 1 N sodium hydroxide so that, after sterilization, the solution will have a pH of 7.1 0.2. If filtration is necessary, heat the solutionagain without boiling, and filter while hot through moistened filter paper. Add the resazurin sodium solution, mix, and place the medium in suitable vessels that provide a ratio of surface to depth of medium such that not more than the upper half of the medium has undergone a color change indicative of oxygen uptake at the end of the incubation period. Sterilize using a validated process.If the medium is stored, store at a temperature between 2 and 25 in a sterile, airtight container. If more than the upper one-third of the medium has acquired a pink color, the medium may be restored once by heating the containers in a water-bath or in free-flowing steam until the pink color disappears and by cooling quickly, taking care to prevent the introduction of nonsterile air into the container. Do not use the medium for a longer storage period than has been validated.0.2。如需要过滤，再次加热该溶液但不得煮沸，并趁热以湿润滤纸将该溶液过滤。加入刃天青钠溶液，混匀，并将该培养基置于适当容器中，该容器应为培养基提供特定的面积/深度比，以使在培养期结束后能明确显示氧气摄入的变色部分不超过培养基的上半部分。使用经过验证的工艺进行灭菌。如果需要贮存该培养基，应将其置于无菌、气密容器中，在225贮藏。如果超过三分之一的培养基已经呈粉红色，可以用以下方法恢复该培养基功能，但每批培养基仅能恢复一次：在水浴锅中或者自由流动蒸汽中加热该容器，直至粉色消失，并迅速放凉，须小心防止非无菌空气进入到容器中。灭菌后培养基存放时间超过验证期限时，不得使用。Fluid Thioglycollate Medium is to be incubated at 3035 . For products containing a mercurial preservative that cannot be tested by the membrane filtration method, Fluid Thioglycollate Medium incubated at 2025 may be used instead of SoybeanCasein Digest Medium provided that it has been validated as described in Growth Promotion Test of Aerobes, Anaerobes, andFungi. Where prescribed or justified and authorized, the following alternative thioglycollate medium might be used. Prepare a mixture having the same position as that of the Fluid Thioglycollate Medium, but omitting the agar and the resazurin sodium solution. Sterilize as directed above. The pH after sterilization is 7.1 0.2. Heat in a water bath prior to use and incubate at 30 35 under anaerobic conditions.硫乙醇酸盐流体培养基应在3035条件下进行培养。含有汞制剂防腐剂的产品不能使用膜过滤方法检测。经需气菌、厌氧菌、真菌促生长试验验证，在2025培养时，大豆酪蛋白消化培养基可以替代硫乙醇酸盐流体培养基。经合理授权，配制的与硫乙醇酸盐流体培养基成分相同，但省略了琼脂和刃天青溶液的培养基，可以替代硫乙醇酸盐流体培养基使用。按上述方