有效地扩大中学生词汇的技巧Techniques of Effectively Enlarging Middle School Students VocabularyContentsAbstract .1Key words.1IIntroduction.2IIThe Importance of Vocabulary Teaching and Learning in Middle School. .2IIIDifferent Categories of Words.33.1 Content Words.33.2 Dictionary Words.33.3 Derived Words.33.4 Lexical Items .43.5 Context.43.6 Passive Vocabulary and Active Vocabulary .43.7 Similar Words and Opposite Words.53.8 Parts of a Word .5IVWord Formation.54.1 Affixation.64.2 Compounding.64.3 Conversion.64.4 Blending.74.5 Clipping .74.6 Acronymy.7VThe Present Problems of Students Studying English in Middle School.85.1 The Mentality of Disregarding the Learning of Vocabulary.85.2 The Mentality of Loathing to Study Vocabulary.85.3 The Mentality of Feeling Anxious to The Learning of Vocabulary.95.4 The Mentality of Helping Foreign Language Study With Mother Tongue.9VIDiscuss Some Good Techniques to Teach English Vocabulary Well96.1 Using Visuals.96.2 Using Gestures.106.3 Drawings106.4 Teaching Series and Word Sequence.116.5 Using Known Vocabulary.116.6 Grouping.126.7 Discovery Techniques.136.8 Using the Native Language.136.9 By Communication.146.10 Teaching Vocabulary in Context.156.11 By Introducing the Knowledge of Culture Background.15VIIBy Adopting Scientific Vocabulary Teaching Techniques, Teachers Can Help Students Improve Their Language Acquisition Ability and Language Competence.16VIIIConclusion.16References.17 Techniques of Effectively Enlarging Middle School Students Vocabulary摘要： 当我们进入二十一世纪，词汇的获得成为一个更重要的角色。因此，有一些人就开始争论，争论词汇在第二语言学习中的位置。语法是语言的基本模型，词汇是语言的基本材料；如果没有语法 ，我们几乎不能明确地表达思想；而如果没有词汇我们则完全无法表达任何东西。词汇教学是英语教学中不可或缺的一部分。一些中学英语教师在讲授词汇时，把词汇从上下文中脱离出来，忽略了科学的学习规律；从长远来看，这种传统的词汇教学方法不仅不利于学生形成和提高英语语言能力，反而会导致他们对英语失去兴趣。作为中学生学习英语的启蒙老师，中学英语教师应对此承担一定的责任。在该论文中，我提供了一些较为科学的词汇教学方法，我希望这些方法对中学英语教师会有一定的参考价值。关键词：词汇 教学方法 词汇教学 教学策略 语言能力Abstract: As we enter the 21st century, acquisition of vocabulary has assumed a more important role, and as some would argue, it has assumed the central role in learning a second language. Grammar provides the overall patterns, and vocabulary is the material to put in the patterns. Without grammar we can convey a little, but without vocabulary we can convey nothing. Vocabulary teaching is an indispensable part of English curriculum. But some traditional vocabulary-teaching methods seem to isolate the words from the context or break away from the scientific rules, which they cant help students to develop a language competence in the long run but cause them to lose interest in English. Middle school English teachers should take great responsibility for this, since they are the premier ones who introduce students to the field of English. In this paper, I would provide several scientific vocabulary-teaching techniques. I think they could be valuable for middle school English teachers during their teaching process.Key words: vocabulary; teaching methods; lexical teaching; teaching strategies; competenceIIntroduction In China, English teachers have sometimes tended to overlook the importance of the lexical system. This is especially obvious in the middle school. This phenomenon might have resulted from the fact that linguists have worked out a perfect equivalent Chinese vocabulary system to English vocabulary system, so that teachers and students can more easily deal with the vocabulary than with the grammar and pronunciation of English which are quite different from the Chinese grammar and sound system.Lexical items may also have appeared to be of secondary importance because they have sometimes been seen as that which is used to “flesh out” the structure or to exemplify parts of the sound system. However, without lexicon the major meaning-caring element in language is missing. Therefore, the acquisition of vocabulary is an integral part of English teaching.On the other hand, there are teachers who have tended to overemphasize the learning of words in the lengthy vocab