2022年考博英语-哈尔滨工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题迈克尔是那种你真想恨一恨的家伙，他总是乐呵呵的，总是说些积极向上的话。如果有人问他近况如何，他会这样回答：“如果我还能再好，我就成双胞胎了”。他生来就会让人积极进取。如果哪位雇员有天过得很糟糕，迈克尔会告诉他如何看待问题的积极一面。他的这种方法着实让我好奇，所以有一天我找到迈克尔问：“我真弄不明白。你怎么能总是那 样积极乐观？你是如何做到这一点的？”迈克尔回答说，“每天早上醒来我对自己说，迈克，今天你有两种选择。你可以选择心情愉快，你也可以选择心情恶劣。”我选择心情愉悦。每次心情不愉快的事情发生 时，我可以选择成为一个牺牲品，也可以选择从中吸取教训。我选择从中吸取教训。每次有什么人找我来抱怨，我可以选择接受他们的抱怨，也可以选择向他指出生活的积极面。我选择指出生活的积极面。【答案】Michael is the kind of guy you love to hate. He is always in a good mood and always has something positive to say. When someone would ask him how he was doing, he would reply, If I were any better, Id be twins!” He was a natural motivator.If an employee was having a bad day, Michael was there telling the employee how to look on the positive side of the situation. Seeing this style really made me curious, so one day I went up to Michael and asked him, I dont get it. You can be positive all the time. How do you do it?Michael replied, each morning I wake up and say to myself, Mike, you have two choices today. You can choose to be in a good mood or you can choose to be in a bad mood. I choose to be in a good mood. Every time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or I can choose to learn from it. I choose to learn from it. Every time someone comes to me complaining, I can choose to accept their complaining or point out the positive side of life to them. I choose to point out the positive side of life.2. 单选题The term remote sensing refers to the techniques of measurement and interpretation of phenomena from a distance. Prior to the mid-1960s the interpretation of film images was the primary means for remote sensing of the earths geologic features. With the development of the optomechanical scanner, scientists began to construct digital multispectral images using data beyond the sensitivity range of visible light photography. These images are constructed by mechanically aligning pictorial representations of such phenomena as the reflection of light waves outside the visible spectrum: the refraction of radio waves, and the daily changes in temperature in areas on the Earths surface. Digital multispectral imaging has now become the basic tool in geologic remote sensing from satellites.The advantage of digital over photographic imaging is evident: the resulting numerical data are precisely known, and digital data are not subject to the vagaries of difficult-to-control chemical processing with digital processing, it is possible to combine a large number of spectral images. The acquisition of the first multispectral digital data set from, the multispectral scanner (MSS) aboard the satellite Landsat in 1972 consequently attracted the attention of the entire geologic community. Landsat MSS data are now being applied to a variety of geologic problems that are difficult to solve by conventional methods alone. These include specific problems in mineral and energy resource exploration and the charting of glaciers and shallow seas.A more fundamental application of remote sensing is to augment conventional methods for geologic mapping of large areas. Regional maps present compositional structural and chronological information for reconstructing geologic revolution. Such reconstructions have important practical applications because the conditions under which rock units and other structural features are formed influence the occurrence of ore and petroleum deposits and affect the thickness and integrity of the geologic media in which the deposits are found.Geologic maps incorporate a large, varied body of specific field and laboratory measurements, but the maps must be interpretative because field measurements are always limited by rock exposure, accessibility and labor resources. With remote-sensing techniques, it is possible to obtain much geologic information more efficiently than it can be obtained on the ground. These techniques also facilitate overall interpretation. Since detailed geologic mapping is generally conducted in small areas, the continuity of regional features that had intermittent and variable expressions is often not recognized, but in the comprehensive views of Landsat images these continuities are apparent. However, some critical information cannot be obtained through remote sensing, and several characteristics of the Landsat MSS impose limitations on the acquisition of diagnostic data. Some of these limitations can be overcome by designing satellite systems especially for geologic purposes; but to be most effective, remote sensing data must still be combined with data from field surveys, laboratory tests, and the techniques of the earlier twentieth century.1.Which of the following can be measured by the optomechanical scanner but not by visible light photograph?2.Lands images differ from conventional geologic maps in that the former（ ） .3.The passage provides information about all of the following topics except （ ）.4.What does the author mention a