上海交通大学第二学期英语讲义详解答案key to Exercise Fivekey to Exercise Five Section 1. Compound Dictation As quick and easy as making a cup of instant coffee, a Chinese company has developed a new machine which dispenses traditional medicine with a simple push of a button. Once a (1)prescription is provided, (2)staffs dispense the medicine and the machine does the rest. prescription n. 处方 prescribe v. dispense v. vt. 分配，分发 Its a far cry from the medicinal practices of old where Ginseng, fungi, dried sea horses, and other (3)mysterious ingredients are carefully sorted before being (4)steeped for hours in hot water. Now those ingredients can be prescribed and dispensed almost instantly, according to Sun Yougang of the Sichuan Neo-Green Pharmaceutical Company, the machines developer. steeped adj.沉浸于 be steeped in happiness The biggest (5)advantage is that our machine is able to dispense medicine (6)accurately, every patients illness is different, a doctor might prescribe different amounts of medicine to a 30-year-old patient compared to a 50-year-old patient. Also some doctors might give you three (7)doses, others might give you five. dose n. 剂量 The new machine though provides one pack, containing six (8)individual servings, all patients need to do is open one of the sections, mix it with hot water, and drink. For Wei Ting, it makes a big difference. serving n. 份 (9)It can take around two hours /to brew Chinese medicine, /two hours is a lot of time/ for working professionals to spare. If its like making instant coffee, thats (10)the first thing we do when we get to the office, its simple and it saves a lot of time. brew v. 酿;熬brew coffee, brew a pot of tea, etc. working professionals 上班族 The Chengdu No. 1 Peoples Hospital is one of the dozens in China where the machine has been installed, eventually, the manufacturer wants to export them, in the hope that (11)Chinas age-old /remedies /can win greater acceptance/ in the west. remedy n. 补救；治疗；赔偿vt. 补救；治疗；纠正 Tara Cleary, Reuters路透社. Section 2 Note-taking Key & Script: Hollywoods images of smoking encourage teens to light up Filmmakers in Hollywood produce hundreds of films each year and audiences around the world watch them. In many films, characters smoke cigarettes and other forms of tobacco. In the past, researchers have documented how adolescents in the United States are influenced by watching those images of smoking on the screen. They found that kids who watch many movies where characters smoke are more likely to try smoking themselves. Dr. James Sargent, a researcher with Dartmouth University Medical School in New Hampshire, says those research findings are strong and consistent, but he says that many people are skeptical when they hear that movies might contribute to adolescent smoking. “How can movies be responsible for a third of adolescent smoking when theres only, you know, 30 seconds to a minute of smoking in every movie? So what we wanted to do with this study was really scale the exposure for people so that they understood how much exposure kids really get when it comes to seeing these actors modeling smoking on the big screen.” Sargent and some international colleagues counted how often images of smoking were seen by adolescents. They watched about 500 popular movies and counted the images of smoking in each. Then they multiplied that number of images by the number of adolescents estimated to have seen the films. They estimate that billions of images of smoking in American films that are seen by kids around the world. “So it is a big international problem to the extent that American movie companies are exporting smoking in youth-rated movies, the kids in other countries are seeing the smoking, and its positioning smoking as something they want to do,” he concludes. Sargent says almost nothing else compares with smoking in terms of public health problems around the world. Millions of people die annually of diseases caused by smoking: lung and other cancers, heart disease and respiratory diseases. Sargent says many of those people started smoking during their adolescent years. “Weve already shown pretty convincingly that seeing smoking in movies is delivering kids to the tobacco industry,” he says. “So the movie industry has some responsibility here. The movie industry could do something that would eliminate smoking in youth-rated movies, they could rate smoking R (for restricted).” He notes thats what public health activists are trying to get filmmakers to do. And if they did that, it would eliminate 60 percent of growth of impressions the kids in his sample had seen. Sargent notes thats that public health activists are trying to get filmmakers to do. He said that if Hollywood did that, it could eliminate 60 percent of impressions in his sample had seen. Sargents research was published in the most recent issue of the journal Pediatrics. Findings of past research: Kids who watch many movies