2022年考博英语-南开大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题It will take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station, （ ） traffic delays.问题1选项A.affordingB.accounting forC.allowing forD.acknowledging【答案】C【解析】词组辨析。afford“给予，提供，买得起”;account for“对.负有责任，对.作出解释”，allow for“考虑到，顾及”;acknowledge“承认，答谢”。句意:考虑到交通拥堵，我们到火车站还要20分钟。选项C符合句意。2. 单选题Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to （ ） myself of every chance to improve my English.问题1选项A.assureB.informC.availD.notify【答案】C【解析】副词词义辨析。根据句意：我尊敬的导师White教授经常提醒我要利用一切机会提高我的英语水平。选项C最为恰当，表示有益于，有助于。3. 单选题Hotel rooms must be （ ） by noon, but luggage may be left with the porter.问题1选项A.departedB.abandonedC.vacatedD.displaced【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。depart“离开，出发”;abandon“放弃，遗弃”;vacate“空出，腾出”;displace“取代，转移”。句意:旅馆的房间必须在中午前空出来，但行李可以交给行李搬运工。选项C符合句意。4. 单选题An experiment can be（ ） by poor planning.问题1选项A.distributedB.qualifiedC.spoiledD.disclosed【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。distributed分配，分散；qualified限制；spoiled损坏，破坏；disclosed公开，揭露。句意：计划不周会破坏实验。选项C符合句意。5. 单选题Making private phone calls on the office phone is severely （ ） on in our country.问题1选项A.criticizedB.regardedC.objectedD.frowned【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。句意：在我国，用办公室电话打私人电话会受到严厉的批评。选项A符合句意。frowned皱眉，不满。6. 单选题Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, （ ） their cleanness, toughness, and low cost.问题1选项A.in addition toB.by virtue ofC.as opposed toD.for the sake of【答案】B【解析】介词短语含义辨析。in addition to“除.之外（还有, 也）”;by virtue of“由于, 凭借”;as opposed to“与截然相反, 对照”;for the sake of“为了, 为了的利益”。句意:塑料袋用来装各种食物很有用, 因为其卫生, 结实, 便宜。选项B符合语境。7. 单选题The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to （ ） themselves on the German team for last years defeat.问题1选项A.remedyB.reproachC.reviveD.revenge【答案】D【解析】形近词辨析。remedy补救，治疗；reproach责备；revive使复兴，使苏醒；revenge报仇，雪耻。句意：西班牙队虽然状态不佳，但下周他们将竭尽全力为去年的失利向德国队一雪前耻。选项D符合句意。8. 单选题The torch was （ ） by a famous athlete at the opening of the sports meeting.问题1选项A.deceivedB.ignitedC.implementedD.designated【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。deceive“欺骗, 行骗”;ignite“点燃, 使燃烧”;implement“实施, 执行”;designate“指定, 指派”。句意:在运动会开幕式上火炬由一名著名的运动员点燃。选项B符合句意。9. 单选题A few decades ago, it was still possible to leave home and go somewhere else: the architecture was different, the landscape was different, the language, lifestyle, dress, and values were different. That was a time when we could speak of cultural diversity. But with economic globalization, diversity is fast disappearing. The goal of the global economy is that all countries should be homogenized. When global hotel chains advertise to tourists that all their rooms in every city of the world are identical, they dont mention that the cities are becoming identical too: cars, noise, smog, corporate high-rises, violence, fast food, McDonalds, Nikes, Levis, Barbie Dolls, American TV and film. Whats the point of leaving home?There are many causes for this dreary turn of events, but one is central: economic globalization and institutions like the World Bank and the WTO promote a specific kind of homogenizing development that frees the largest corporations in the world to invest and operate in every market, everywhere. For these agencies and corporation, diversity is not a primary value: efficiency is. Diversity is an enemy because it requires differentiated sales appeal. What corporations love is creating the same values, the same tastes, using the same advertising, selling the same products, and driving out small local competitors. Mass marketers prefer homogenized consumers. They also prefer places with low wages, cheap resources, and the least restrictive environmental and labor laws.The new rules of global trade are primarily set by the ultra-secretive World Trade Organization (WTO), which now rivals the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as the most powerful, yet undemocratic body in the world. Its rules are specifically designed to serve global corporate expansion and the homogenization process. They make it nearly impossible for nation-states to prevent certain harmful forms of corporate development, no matter what problems they bring. So we find that European bankers can dominate Third World economies ; Asian companies can cut down Canadian and Brazilian forests ; American corporations can dominate the whole worlds farmers and food supply ; Disney can homogenize consciousness and McDonalds can homogenize tastes, globally. Every country loses while global corporations win.Corporate invasions into diverse cultures often occur over vigorous protests by local governments and populations that try to protect local business, culture, health, food safety, and local livelihoods. Not everyone wants to bec