2022年考博英语-吉林大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Relief organizations have contributed （ ）money to famine in Africa.问题1选项A.both time andB.time butC.neither time andD.neither time nor【答案】A【解析】考查连接词的用法。句意：救援组织为非洲的饥荒出钱出力。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题The town square really looks magnificent at night when it is（ ）问题1选项A.illuminatedB.decoratedC.furnishedD.inhabited【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。illuminated “被照明的”；decorated “装饰的，修饰的”；furnished “家具，有家具的”；inhabited “有人居住的”。句意：当灯光照亮时，夜晚的城市广场看上去真的很宏伟。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transportation and is therefore, not（ ） to work locally.问题1选项A.compelledB.obligedC.restrictedD.repelled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。compel “强迫，迫使”；oblige “强制，强迫”；restrict “限制”； repel “击退，抵制”。句意：汽车车主不再被迫依靠公共交通工具，因此不限于在本地工作。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production capital. The ownership of large amount of capital can bring （1 ）profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,（2 ）, have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of（3 ）that they call “post-industrial” society. One important change in such a society is that the ownership of（4 ）amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important（5 ）of profits and influences;knowledge as well as （6 ）capital brings profits and influence.There are many（7 ）with the thesis above, not the least of（8 ）is that wealthy capitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. But this does not（9 ） the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the（10 ）of some new industries indicates（11 ）, genetic engineering and the new computer technology have（12 ）many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In（13 ）with criticism of the post-industrial society thesis, however, it must also be（14 ）that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i.e.major corporations) soon（15 ）to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge.Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly （16 ）Many new high tech jobs are being created at the upper-middle-class level, but even more new jobs are being created in the low-skill, low-paying service （17 ）. Something like a class line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the（18 ）of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try illiteracy in the English language has been a severe （19 ） for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and（20 ）them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.问题1选项A.quantitativeB.extensiveC.comprehensiveD.sophisticated问题2选项A.moreoverB.howeverC.thereforeD.furthermore问题3选项A.aggressionB.proficiencyC.productivityD.evolution问题4选项A.dominantB.impressiveC.magnificentD.significant问题5选项A.sourceB.factorC.componentD.element问题6选项A.adequateB.profitableC.materialD.spiritual问题7选项A.advantagesB.consequencesC.problemsD.potentials问题8选项A.themB.thoseC.whichD.that问题9选项A.denyB.refuseC.admitD.acknowledge问题10选项A.emergenceB.innovationC.extinctionD.discovery问题11选项A.In additionB.For exampleC.Above allD.In short问题12选项A.producedB.createdC.improvedD.facilitated问题13选项A.lineB.needC.doubtD.match问题14选项A.idealizedB.recognizedC.supervisedD.summarized问题15选项A.stepped inB.settled downC.leaned overD.turned out问题16选项A.accessibleB.importantC.popularD.abundant问题17选项A.enterprisesB.employmentC.professionsD.industries问题18选项A.controlB.masteryC.searchD.pursuit问题19选项A.handicapB.penaltyC.inconvenienceD.shortcoming问题20选项A.enforceB.punishC.imposeD.condemn【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:C第9题:A第10题:A第11题:B第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:D第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）考查形容词词义辨析。extensive “大量的，广泛的”; quantitative “量的，定量的”；comprehension “综合的，全面的”；sophisticated “复杂的，世故的”。句意：大量资本能够带来大量的收益，同时也带来经济和政治权力。选项A符合题意。（2）考查副词词义辨析。moreover表递进关系，however 表转折关系，therefore表因果关系；furthermore表递进关系。从该句的argue这个词可以看出这句话与前面那句话是转折关系，所以选项B符合题意。（3）考查名词词义辨析。Aggression “侵略”；proficiency “熟练”；productivity “生产力”；evolution “演变，发展”。句意：然而，一些现代理论学家提出我们的社会已经发展为一个新的时代。选项D符合题意。（4）考查形容词词义辨析。dominant “最重要的，最突出的”；impressive “给人印象深刻的”；magnificent “壮丽的，宏伟的”；significant “重要的，重大的”。根据这一段第二句话中large amount of capital可知空格处应该填“大量的”这个词，所以选项D符合题意。（5）考查名词词