2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题They have _ most carefully the time and the materials needed to complete the project.问题1选项A.picked outB.left outC.taken outD.figured out【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. picked out 辨认出；挑选 B. left out 排除C. taken out 除掉；带某人出去（吃饭或看电影等） D. figured out 计算出；想出；弄明白【答案】D【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：他们已经非常仔细地完成这项工程所需的时间和材料。根据句意，完成这项工程所需的时间和材料是需要他们仔细地计算出来的。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。【句意】他们已经非常仔细地计算出完成这项工程所需的时间和材料。2. 单选题Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations _.问题1选项A.simultaneouslyB.spontaneouslyC.homogeneouslyD.contemporarily【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. simultaneously 同时地 B. spontaneously 自发地；自然地C. homogeneously 同样地 D. contemporarily 当今；时下【答案】A【考查点】副词辨析。【解题思路】句意：光纤电缆可以传输数百个电话通话。光线电缆指的是利用光导纤维可进行光纤通信。光纤通信与电波通信相比，光纤通信能提供更多的通信通路，可满足大容量通信系统的需要。由此可推断，根据逻辑，光线电缆能够同时传输数个电话通话。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】光纤电缆可以同时传送数百个电话。3. 单选题Each boy and each girl _ ordered to leave the classroom.问题1选项A.wasB.wereC.hasD.have【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. was B. wereC. has D. have【答案】A【考查点】each用法和被动语态。【解题思路】句子的主语是boy and girl，因此他们应该是被要求离开教室，因此用被动语态，排除C和D选项；当and连接的两个并列主语前有each修饰时，强调个体，谓语动词用单数，因此排除B选项，选A。【干扰项排除】根据解题思路B、C、D选项均不符合语法结构。【句意】每个男生和女生都被要求离开教室。4. 翻译题Light, durable (经久耐用), simple and inexpensive, such devices are warmly received by users.【答案】这种装置（重量轻、耐用、简单、价廉）受到用户的热烈欢迎。5. 单选题The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want and live a completely sedentary life style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.A multitude of factors both inherited and environmental influence the development of health related behaviors and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However the decision to adopt a particular health related behavior is usually one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice Fries and Grapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity1. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because _.2. To “live a completely sedentary life-style” (Para. 1) in the passage means _.3. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because _.4. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to _5. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on _.问题1选项A.personal health choice help cure most illnessB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could lead to poor health问题2选项A.to “live an inactive life”B.to “live a decent life”C.to “live a life with complete freedom”D.to “live a life of vice”问题3选项A.current medical knowledge is still insufficientB.there are many factors influencing our decisionsC.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for the quantity of lifeD.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends问题4选项A.improving the quality of ones lifeB.limiting ones personal health choiceC.deliberately ending ones lifeD.breaking the rules of social behavior问题5选项A.personal decisionsB.societys lawsC.statistical evidenceD.friends opinions【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1. 【选项释义】The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because _. 关于健康的个人选择概念很重要，因为_。A. personal health choice help cure most illness A. 个人健康选择有助于治愈大多数疾病B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge B. 它有助于提高我们的医学知识水平C. it is essential to person