组合演练，提升解题能力“阅读理解+完形填空”组合练（一）I 阅读理解HowCanWeReducetheRisk?的）Therearefourgeneralapproachestodealingwithvolcanic（ 火 山dangers.Wecantrytokeepthedangerfromoccurringoftenanimpossibletask.Wecantrytochangeitspath orreduceitsimpactonexistingdevelopment.Wecantakestepstoprotectfuturedevelopment.Wecanalsodo ourbesttohavedisasterresponseplansinplacebeforetheyareneeded.RemovingtheThreat andthegeneralpublicshouldbepracticed.Emergencymeasuresmustbethoughtoutandagreedupon.Clearlythereisnowaytostopaneruption.Wecanhoweverattempttoreducetheeruptionseffectsbystrengtheningstructuresforexamplebuildingprotectiveworkssuchaswallstomakelava（flowawayfromdevelopedareas.Sucheffortscanbeandhavebeensuccessfulbutareoflimiteduseinalarge-scale （大范围的）eruption.PlanningfortheFutureProtectingfuturedevelopmentfromvolcanicdangersisasimpletask.Beforebuildinghousesweshouldjudgetherisk.Iftheriskseemstoogreatasaferlocationshouldbefound.Thistypeofplanningisveryeffective ， butalltoooften peoplearedrawntothelush（葱有8的），rollinglandofaquietvolcano.DisasterPreparedness（预案）Whenavolcanocomestolifeafewweeksmaynotbeenoughtimetoavoidatragedy.Planningisthekeytosavinglives.Wellbeforethewarningsignsoccurpeoplemustbeeducatedaboutvolcanicdangers.Escapeplansmustbeinplace.CommunicationbetweenscientistsofficialsthemediaIfyoudoubttheimportanceoftheseefforts ， takeanotherlookatpastvolcanictragedies ， suchastheeruptionofNevadodelRuiz.CommunicationfailuresleftthetownofArmerounpreparedforesca pe.Whenadeadlymudflowcamedowntheslope（斜坡），21,000people90percentofthetownspeopledied.语篇解读 本文属于说明文阅读，主要讲述了采取哪些行动来减少火山喷发对我们的影响和 伤害。1Thepassageisintendedfor.AthegeneralpublicBarchitectsCadventurersDgeographers答案 A解析 读者对象题。本文主要告诉我们的是如何避开火山喷发的危险。写作的对象不是建筑 师，不是冒险家，也不是地理学家。所以本文是写给大众的。故 A 正确。2Whenbuildinghouses，peopletendto.AjudgevolcanicdangerscarefullyBtakevolcanicdangersseriouslyCliketolivenearaquietvolcanoDfindasaferplacefarawayfromavolcano答案 C解析细节理解题。根据第三部分最后一句 “Thistypeofplanningisveryeffective, butalltoooften, peoplearedrawntothelush（葱郁的），rollinglandofaquietvolcano.” 可知人们经常被葱郁的坡地所 吸引，实际上那里是火山经常存在的地方。故C正确。3ThewritermentionedNevadodelRuiztoprove. Athefailuretokeepvolcanicdangersfromhappening Btheimportanceofpreparingforavolcaniceruption CthebraveryofthepeopleinArmeroTownDtheuncertaintyofvolcanosdamage答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第四部分第一段第二句“ Planningisthekeytosavinglives.” 可知在预防 火 山 喷 发 时 ， 有 计 划 性 是 最 重 要 的 。 再 根 据 该 部 分 第 二 段 第 一 句 “ Ifyoudoubttheimportanceoftheseefforts， takeanotherlookatpastvolcanictragedies ，suchastheeruptionofNevadodelRuiz.” 作者列举 NevadodelRuiz 的例子就是为了说明计划的重要 性，因为在这次火山喷发中，正是因为没有准备，导致了很多人死亡。故B正确。 4Thepassageismainlyabout.AwhyvolcanoescaneruptsuddenlyBwhocanpredicttheeruptionofvolcanoesCwherethevolcanoesaremostactive Dhowwecanreducetheriskofvolcanoes答案 D解析 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是我们在面对火山喷发的危险时，应该采取哪些行动来 减少火山喷发对我们的影响和伤害。故D项正确。Humansandmanyothermammalshaveunusuallyefficientinternaltemperatureregulatingsystemsth atautomaticallymaintainstablecorebodytemperatures（ 核 心 体 温 ） incoldwintersandwarmsummers.Inaddition ， peoplehavedevelopedculturalpatternsandtechnologiesthathelpthemadjusttoextremesoftemperaturean dhumidity（湿度）.Inverycoldclimates ， thereisaconstantdangerofdevelopinghypothermia（ 低 体 温 ） ， whichisalifethreateningdropincorebodytemperaturetobelownormallevels.Thenormaltemperatureforh umansisabout37.0C .However,differencesinpersonsandeventhetimeofdaycancauseittobeasmuchas6Chigherorlowerinhealthyindivi duals.Itisalsonormalforcorebodytemperaturetobelowerinelderlypeople.Hypothermiabeginstooccurw henthecorebodytemperaturedropsto34.4C.Below29.4C，thebodycoolsmorerapidlybecauseitsnaturaltemperatureregulatingsystemusuallyfails.Therapiddeclin eincorebodytemperatureislikelytoresultindeath.However，therehavebeenrarecasesinwhichpeoplehavebeensavedaftertheirtemperatureshaddroppedto13.9 15.6C.Thishappenedin1999toaSwedishwomanwhowastrappedunderanicesheetinfreezingwaterfor8 0minutes.Shewasfoundunconscious ， notbreathing ， andherhearthadstoppedbeating ， yetshewaseventuallysaveddespitethefactthathertemperaturehaddroppedto13.7C.Inextremelyhotclimatesorasaresultofuncontrollableinfections，corebodytemperaturescanrisetoequallydangerouslevels.Thisishyperthermia.Lifethreateninghyperthe rmiatypicallystartsinhumanswhentheirtemperaturesriseto40.641.7C.Onlyafewdaysatthisextraordinarilyhightemperaturelevelislikelytoresultintheworseningofinte rnalorgansanddeath.语篇解读本文主要讲述的是人体内有调节体温的系统，能让人适应不同的外部气温。5. Whycanhumanskeepstablebodytemperaturesindifferentseasons?A. Becausetheirbodiesareunusuallyefficient.B. Becausetheyexperiencedifferentclimates.C. Becausetheycanadjusttoculturalpatternsandtechnologies.D. Becausetheyhaveinternaltemperatureregulatingsystems.答案 D 解 析细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 一 句“Humansandmanyothermammalshaveunusuallyefficientinternaltemperatureregulatingsystemsthat automaticallymaintainstablecorebodytemperatures（核心体温）incoldwintersandwarmsumm