2023年甘肃公共英语考试真题卷（8）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Greenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of greenspace in the urban environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of greenspace facilities. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town and country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot of enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to_. A the disproportion of recreation facilities in the neighbourhood B the location of recreation facilities far from home C relatively little attention for recreative possibilities D the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighbourhood 2.In 1911, Americans smoked almost 10 billion cigarettes. Sixty years later this number (21) 700 billion. (22) this amazing increase, the demand for cigarettes in the United States is now (23) dropping. Since 1973, per capita cigarette (24) has decreased approximately I percent (25) . According to some estimates, 90 percent of all cigarette smokers would like to cut down or quit smoking (26) , but that, of course, is not easy to do and (27) do not succeed. Smokers who try to (28) the habit may experience both physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms for several weeks. They may suffer, for example, (29) headaches, nausea, irritability, and an inability to concentrate. Some (30) , such as drowsiness and craving (a strong desire for a cigarette), get even (31) after the first ten days. Most people continue to crave cigarettes for at least a month, and approximately one-fifth continue to (32) them for as many as five to nine years after they have (33) .A With B Despite C To D ForAs the American people have become increasingly conscious of good (34) habits, their attitudes toward smoking have changed. Nonsmokers are demanding the right to (35) smokeless, nontoxic air, especially since recent studies have (36) that secondhand smoke, that is, the cigarette smoke in the air, is (37) dangerous. (38) , the demands of antismoking advocates are getting re-suits. Some cities, such as Eugene, Oregon, have already passed strict laws that re-quire restaurants to provide nonsmoking (39) . It seems that smoking is no longer considered (40) acceptable behavior by many in American society.3.When will the new product be available A In a few weeks. B In about two months. C In about two years. D In ten years. 4.During the second half of 1776, the British had driven Washingtons armies from their strongholds in and near New York City. Washington retreated, moving southeast across New Jersey. Before his army reached the shores of the Delaware, he sent soldiers ahead to bring together all the boats they could find. When the British arrived at the east bank early in December, the Colonials were safely across. And the British could find only two small boats on a pond. For the time being, the British gave up the chase. They set up camp at Trenton and at other strongholds along the Delaware. Washington had the boats on the Pennsylvania side, but that was about all he had.