2022年考博英语-浙江大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die. But people now live longer than they（1 ）. Yet, all living things still show the（2） of aging, which will eventually（3） death. Aging is not a disease, (but) as a person passes maturity, the cells of the body and the （4） they form do not function as well as they （5） in childhood and teenage years.The body provides less （6） against disease and is more（7） to have accident. A number of related causes may （8） aging. Some cells of the body have a (fairly) long life, but they are not （9）when they die. As a person ages, （10） of brain cells and muscle cells decreases. （11） body cells die and are replaced by new cells. In an aging person the （12） cells may not be as workable or as capable（13） growth as those of a young person. Another （14）in aging may be changes within the cells（15）. Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known （16） with age and become less elastic. This is why the skin of old people wrinkles and （17）. This is also the reason why old people （18）in height. There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and （19） information that the cells need. Aging may affect this （20） and change the information carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.问题1选项A.wouldB.be used toC.used toD.used问题2选项A.functionB.effectC.affectD.sign问题3选项A.lead inB.give inC.run intoD.result in问题4选项A.handsB.feetC.heartD.organs问题5选项A.doB.has doneC.didD.had done问题6选项A.energyB.protectionC.vigorD.power问题7选项A.likelyB.probableC.possibleD.alike问题8选项A.attend toB.contribute toC.add toD.devote to问题9选项A.replacedB.rebornC.recoveredD.surrendered问题10选项A.a numberB.the amountC.the numberD.most问题11选项A.The othersB.OthersC.AnotherD.Other问题12选项A.oldB.leftC.newD.other问题13选项A.toB.forC.ofD.in问题14选项A.factorB.effectC.reasonD.element问题15选项A.for themselvesB.of themselvesC.themselvesD.on their own问题16选项A.changeB.to have changedC.to changeD.to being changed问题17选项A.hang looseB.hangs looselyC.is hanging looselyD.is hanging loose问题18选项A.increaseB.shrinkC.lengthenD.decrease问题19选项A.pass awayB.pass byC.pass offD.pass on问题20选项A.improvementB.processionC.approachD.process【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C第6题:B第7题:A第8题:B第9题:A第10题:C第11题:D第12题:C第13题:C第14题:A第15题:C第16题:C第17题:A第18题:B第19题:D第20题:D【解析】（1）根据句意：现在人们比以前活得更久。选C表示过去，以前，符合句意。be used to习惯于，不符合句意；选项D中的不定式to不可省略。（2）名词词义辨析。function功能；effect影响，效果，作用；affect影响，为动词，填在此处不合适；sign迹象，描述静态的事物。根据上下文：所有的生物仍然表现出老化的影响。选项B符合原文语境。（3）动词词组辨析。lead in 引入，导入；give in屈服，让步；run into陷入；result in导致，结果是，根据句意：最终导致死亡，选项D符合原文。（4）上下文语义。根据上文提到的cell可知填空处入应为organ （器官），选项D符合原文。其他选项都是具体的器官。（5）语法知识。根据原文可知，为了避免重复，这里用助动词代替function，根据“in childhood and teenage years.”可知时态应该为一般过去式，所以选项C正确。（6）上下文语义。根据原文，身体为抵抗疾病提供的保护也更少，选项B符合句意。（7）固定搭配。be likely to意为：倾向于，很有可能。alike相似的，不符合句意。（8）动词词组辨析。attend to注意，照料，致力于；contribute to有助于，促成，导致；add to添加，增加；devote to贡献。根据句意：许多相关的原因可能会导致衰老。选项B符合句意。（9）上下文语义。根据下文“body cells die and are replaced by new cells”可知，此处也应该填入replaced。句意：人体中有一些细胞寿命相当长，但它们死后不会被替换。（10）语法知识。the amount of+不可数名词，the number of+可数名词，cells为可数名词，所以选项B错误；a number of指许多，the number of表示数目，所以选项C符合原文。（11）代词用法。others和the others后不能接名词，首先排除；another后接单数名词，所以本题选D，表泛指。（12）上下文语义。根据上下文内容可知，这里指上句提到的新细胞，选项C符合原文。（13）固定搭配。be capable of为固定搭配，意为能够。（14）名词词义辨析。上文提及老年人体内的新细胞可能不像年轻人的细胞那样有效的生长。这是导致人衰老的一个因素；由此推断，这里指衰老的另一个因素可能是细胞本身的变化。选项A符合原文。（15）代词用法。根据句意可知这里指细胞本身，the cells的反身代词为themselves，所以选项C正确。（16）语法知识。be known to表示“为所知”，首先排除选项A；根据句意可知该句陈述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时，所以选项C正确。（17）语法知识。hang在这里是用作系动词，后面须接一个形容词作表语。描述客观事实依然用一般现在时，所以本题选A。（18）动词词义辨析。根据句意：这就是为什么老人的身高会收缩的原因，选项B符合句意。（19）动词词组辨析。pass away去世；pass by经过；pass off停止；pass on传递。根据原文文义可知，这里指传递信息。选项D符合语境。（20）名词词义辨析。原文句意：衰老可能会影响这一过程，改变携带信息的分子。选项D符合语境。2. 单选题Television 一 that most pervasive (遍布的)and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word “television”, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capabili