2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The early use of a A complete steel frame for towering buildings B appeared in the C first skyscraper, D built on Chicago in 1883.问题1选项A.completeB.appearedC.first skyscraperD.built on【答案】D【解析】【答案】D【考查点】介词的用法。【解题思路】表达在某个城市时，应选用介词in。因此应将D选项改为built in。【句意】1883年在芝加哥建造的第一座摩天大楼就使用了完整钢框架。2. 单选题The Medal of National Science is A the highest B award scientific that can be C given to D any individual in the United States.问题1选项A.the highestB.award scientificC.givenD.any【答案】B【解析】【考查点】形容词语序。【解题思路】award是名词，scientific是形容词，形容词应该放在名词前面，所以正确语序是scientific award（科学奖项）。该题选择B项。【句意】国家科学奖章是美国授予任何个人的最高科学奖。3. 填空题A severe shortage of drivers could hurt the U.S. economy, which relies heavily on trucking. Those in the industry say openings number in the thousands, if only tens of thousands. The shortage is unlikely to end soon.The government estimates the number of truck drivers will raise 19% from 2002 to 2012, making driving one of the fastest-growing occupations during those 10 years. Trucking companies are trying to fill jobs by offering drivers cash bonuses and prizes such as boats and vacations to refer fellow drivers who switch their firms. Base pay is rising, and trucking companies are guaranteeing drivers much time at home. Firms are offering generous 401(k), stock option and health care packages and other perks. Truck stops now have message therapists and Wi-Fi computer technology.Still, the number of drivers is woefully inadequate. Its not just an issue of recruiting. Retaining drivers has become constant headache: The turnover rate at large trucking-companies was 116% in the second quarter,according to the American Trucking Associations. “I define this as the most serious problem the industry has.” says Duff Swain, president of Trincon Group, transportation consulting firm in Columbus, Ohio. Companies he has been speaking to recently say 10% of their trucks are idle because they cant find enough drivers. It goes long way beyond trucking. Trucks carriedmore than three-quarters of the goods that travel in the USA in 2003. If there arent enough drivers to haul the nations production, the economy runs the risk of stumbling. Plus, if drivers can be found only by raising pay and benefits, those costs could be passed along and eventually could show up in higher consumer prices.1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _8. _9. _10. _【答案】1.【答案】if only改成if not2.【答案】will raise改成rise3.【答案】switch their firms加上to4.【答案】much time改成more time5.【答案】message改成massage6.【答案】become constant headache加上a7.【答案】transportation consulting firm加上a8.【答案】goes long way beyond去掉long9.【答案】travel改成traveled10.【答案】production改为product【解析】1.【解题思路】根据上一句的意思“司机严重短缺可能会损害严重依赖卡车运输的美国经济”可知，这一句的句意应该是“司机的空缺职位如果没有成千上万个，也有几千个”，而if only表示“只要，要是多好”，在这不符合句子意思。所以要将if only改为if not，表示“如果不是，如果没有”。2.【解题思路】raise为及物动词，表示“提高，升起，上升”，rise为不及物动词，表示“升起，数量增加”；及物动词后面要接宾语，即动作的对象，不及物动词后不需要加宾语，本句话中will raise后接的并不是raise这个动作的对象，动作的对象the number of truck drivers在本句话中当主语，且此处表示卡车司机的数量上升，使用raise不符合语法规则，根据后半截from 2002 to 2012可知不能用将来时，时态和主干部分的谓语动词estimates保持一致，即一般现在时，所以要将will raise改成rise。3.【解题思路】动词词组switch to表示“切换到，转到，转变成”。此处表示“向司机提供现金奖金和奖品的方式来使得司机推荐其他伙伴转到他们公司”。因此，此处要添加介词to。4.【解题思路】根据句意“司机的基本工资在提高，公司也保障司机有更多的时间待在家里”可知，此处为比较级，所以要用more。故将much time改为more time。5.【解题思路】由therapists（理疗师）可知，该句句意是“卡车站点现在还有按摩医师以及Wi-Fi服务”，而message表示“信息”，所以要将message改为massage。6.【解题思路】根据句意“留住司机已经变成一件头疼的事”可知，headache表示“令人头疼的事”，为可数名词单数，因此前面要加不定冠词a。7.【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，transportation consulting firm in Columbus（哥伦布的运输咨询公司）做同位语，解释说明Trincon Group公司是一家位于哥伦布的交通运输咨询公司，因此要加不定冠词a。只有同位语表示特指的职位或角色时才选用零冠词。8.【解题思路】根据句子意思“这远远超出了卡车运输。”可知，go long way beyond表示“远超出”，而表示“远远超出”短语用go way beyond即可，不需要加形容词long，故把long去掉。9.【解题思路】根据句子后半截内容in 2003可知本处应该是过去时态，且主干部分的谓语carried也是过去时态，保持一致，需要将travel改成过去式traveled。10.【解题思路】production和product都表示“产品”。但production特指诗歌、雕刻、绘画等文学艺术作品，而product表示体力劳动或脑力劳动所产生的东西，一般多指工业品，也可指农产品。此处卡车拉走的不是文学艺术作品，因此要将production改为product。4. 单选题The Party always inculcates the duty of loyalty on the young people.问题1选项A.precludes fromB.imbues withC.furnishes withD.resorts to【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. precludes from阻止，妨碍 B. imbues with灌输强烈的情感或意见C. furnishes with供给，提供，给装饰 D. resorts to依靠，求助于，诉诸【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】由关键信息The Party（党）和the duty of loyalty（忠诚的义务）可推测，划线单词inculcate的意思是“灌输，教导”。因此，B选项含义与划线部分词义最为接近，故本题正确答案为B选项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项与划线单词的意思不符合。【句意】党总是谆谆教导青年人忠诚的义务。5. 单选题According to ancient Greek legend the _ set a riddle which no one before Oedipus was able to answer.问题1选项A.sphinxB.crookC.duchessD.truant【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. sphinx斯芬克斯，狮身人面像 B. crook骗子；坏蛋C. duchess公爵夫人，雍容华贵的妇女 D. truant旷课者，逃学者；逃避责任的人【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息ancient Greek legend（古希腊神话）和Oedipus（俄狄浦斯）可知，这是一个希腊神话里面的内容，在古希腊传说中，斯芬