2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Directions: Put the following into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on ANSWER SHEET II.It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortunes favoured children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vacation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.【答案】也可以说, 那些理性的、勤勉的、有价值的人们可分为两类。一类, 他们的工作就是工作, 娱乐就是娱乐；而另一类, 他们的工作即娱乐。大多数人属于前者, 他们得到了相应的补偿。长时间在办公室或工厂里的工作, 回报给他们的不仅是维持了生计, 还有一种强烈的对娱乐的需求, 哪怕是最简单的、最朴实的娱乐。不过, 命运的宠儿则属于后者, 他们的生活很自然和谐。对他们来说, 工作时间永远不嫌长。每天都是假日, 而当正常的假日来临时, 他们总是埋怨自己所全身心投入的休假被强行中断了。不过, 有些事情对两类人是同样至关重要的, 那就是转换一下视角、改变一下氛围、将精力转移到别的事情上。确实, 对那些工作即是娱乐的人来说, 最需要隔一段时间就用某种方式把工作从脑子里面赶出去。2. 单选题Too much（）to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.问题1选项A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure【答案】D【解析】词汇题。disclosure披露,揭发；exhibition展览,显示；contact接触,联系；exposure暴露,曝光。句意：过度暴露在x射线下会导致皮肤灼伤、癌症或对身体造成其他伤害。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题We hadnt enough money to pay our bus fare, and in（）we had to walk.问题1选项A.particularB.consequenceC.possessionD.succession【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。particular特别的，特色；consequence结果，因此；possession拥有，所有；succession接连，避承权。句意：我们没有足够的钱卖车票，所以只能步行。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题I dont think it is（）to reconstruct the destroyed forest ecosystem in a few years.问题1选项A.plausibleB.notableC.considerableD.feasible【答案】D【解析】词义辨析题。plausible可信的；notable显著的；considerable值得考虑的；feasible可行的。句意：我认为在几年内重建受破坏的森林生态系统是不可行的。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题Efforts to educate people about the risks of substance abuse seem to deter some people from using dangerous substances, if such efforts are realistic about what is genuinely dangerous and what is not. Observed declines in the use of such drugs as LSD, PCP, and Quaaludes since the early 1970s are probably related to increased awareness of the risks of their use, and some of this awareness was the result of warnings about these drugs in “underground” papers read by drug users. Such sources are influential, because they do not give a simple “all drugs are terrible for you” message. Drug users know there are big variations in danger among drugs, and anti-drug education that ignores or denies this is likely to be ridiculed. This is illustrated by the popularity among young marijuana users of Reefer Madness, a widely unrealistic propaganda film against marijuana made in the 1930s. This film made the rounds of college campuses in the 1970s and joined rock-music videos on cable televisions MTV in the 1980s. Instead of deterring marijuana use, it became a cult film among users, many of whom got high to watch it.Although persuasion can work for some people if it is balanced and reasonable, other people seem immune to the most reasoned educational efforts. Millions have started smoking even though the considerable health risks of smoking have been well known and publicized for years. Moreover, the usefulness of education lies in primary prevention: prevention of abuse among those who presently have no problem. Hence, Bomiers (1978, p. 150) contention that “if the Pepsi generation can be persuaded to drink pop wine, they can be persuaded not to drink it while driving” is probably not correct, since most drunken driving is done by people who already have significant drinking problems, and hence seem not to be dissuaded even by much stronger measures such as loss of a drivers license.1.According to the passage, up to now, anti-drug education（）2.The film Reefer Madness mentioned in the passage（）3.The message all drugs are terrible for you is not influential because（）4.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?5.The best title for the passage would be （）问题1选项A.has made all people see the danger of drugsB.has succeeded in dissuading people from using drugsC.has been effective only to a certain degreeD.has proved to be a total failure问题2选项A.effectively deterred marijuana useB.was rejected by young marijuana usersC.did not picture the danger of marijuana realisticallyD.was welcomed by ma