2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Although, some students graduate from high school, they are virtually illiterate_writing a business letter.问题1选项A.in the event ofB.in the light ofC.in case ofD.in terms of【答案】D【解析】短语搭配题。A选项in the event of万一发生；B选项in the light of根据，按照；C选项in case of 万一，如果发生，假设；D选项in terms of关于，在方面，就而言。根据句意可知，尽管一些学生已经高中毕业，但他们在商务信函的写作方面几乎是一窍不通。因此，本题正确答案为D项。2. 单选题The old lady has developed a_cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time.问题1选项A.perpetualB.permanentC.chronicD.sustainable【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项perpetual“永久的”；B选项permanent“永恒的，持续的，长久的”；C选项chronic“(尤指疾病) 长期的，慢性的，难以治愈的”；D选项sustainable“可持续的”。根据cannot be cured completely in a short time可知这位老太太患的是慢性咳嗽，因此选C。句意：老太太患了慢性咳嗽，短时间内不能完全治愈。3. 单选题Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We dont always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words dont mean anything except “Im letting off some steam. I dont really want you to pay close attention to what Im saying. Just pay attention to what Im feeling.” Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before Ill buy.” The owner says, “Its been like that for years.” Actually, the step hasnt been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: “I dont want to fix it. We put up with it. Why cant you?” The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed by examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friends unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says “No!” to a serials of charges like “Youre dumb/ “Youre lazy,” and “Youre dishonest,” may also say “NoP and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is And youre good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “If sure has been nice to have you over,” can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.1. Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners if_.2. “Im letting off some steam” in paragraph 1 means_.3. The house-owners example shows that he actually means_.4. Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if_.5. The word “ritualistically” in the last paragraph equals something done_.问题1选项A.they use proper words to carry their ideasB.they both speak truly of their own feelingsC.they try to understand each others ideas beyond wordsD.they are capable of associating meaning with their words问题2选项A.Im just calling your attentionB.Pm just kiddingC.Pm just saying the oppositeD.Im just giving off some sound问题3选项A.the step has been like that for yearsB.he doesnt think it necessary to fix the stepC.the condition of the step is only a minor faultD.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared问题4选项A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertivenessB.seen as ones habitual pattern of behaviorC.taken as part of an ordering sequenceD.expressed to a series of charges问题5选项A.without true intentionB.light-heartedlyC.in a way of ceremonyD.with less emphasis【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone.（言语的确为我们提供了一些信息，但其意思是从如此多的其它来源中获取出来的，以至于过于依赖言语将阻碍我们与其他人交流的效果）可知D选项“他们能把自己的言语与意思联系起来”符合题意。2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Sometimes our words dont mean anything