2022年考博英语-西南林业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to revenge themselves on the German team for last years defeat.问题1选项A.retaliateB.recoverC.repelD.defend【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项 retaliate “报复”；B选项 recover “恢复；弥补；重新获得”；C选项 repel “击退；抵制；使厌恶；使不愉快”；D选项 defend“辩护；防护”。句意：目前状态不佳的西班牙队将在下周全力以赴，为去年的失利向德国队报仇。结合此处关键词 revenge “报复；替报仇；洗雪”，得知A选项正确。2. 单选题She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor.问题1选项A.operateB.contributeC.monitorD.send【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项operate“操作；经营；引起；行动”；B选项 contribute “贡献，出力；投稿；捐献”；C选项 monitor “监控”；D选项send“发送，寄；派遣；使进入；发射”。句意：然后，她可以在电脑屏幕上操纵3d图像，绘制出最短、侵袭性最小的肿瘤手术路径。结合此处关键短语map the shortest, least invasive surgical path “绘制出最短、侵袭性最小的肿瘤手术路径”，得知A选项最符合句意。3. 单选题Comic art can be, and often is, deadly serious, at which point it is _difficult to categorize it.问题1选项A.awfullyB.indicativelyC.cruciallyD.ultimately【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项 awfully “可怕地；十分；非常；很”；B选项 indicatively “指示地，表示地；象征地；陈述地”；C选项 crucially “关键地；至关重要地”；D选项 ultimately “最后；根本；基本上”。句意：喜剧艺术可以是，而且往往是极度的严肃，在这一点上很难对它进行分类。结合此处语境，A为正确答案。4. 单选题As few household appliances are now perfect, this minor defect is negligible.问题1选项A.detectableB.triflingC.inexcusableD.magnificent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 detectable“可检测的；可发觉的”；B选项 trifling“微不足道的；轻浮的”；C选项 inexcusable“不可原谅的；没法辩解的；不可宽恕的”；D选项magnificent“高尚的；壮丽的；华丽的；宏伟的”。句意：由于现在很少有家用电器是完美的，这个小小的缺陷是可以忽略不计的。结合此处关键词minor（微小的），得知B选项正确。5. 单选题By being over-zealous with food restriction, the dieter inadvertently makes a binge on forbidden foods far more likely and you may as well forget the idea of banning things.问题1选项A.may properlyB.had betterC.should surelyD.may probably【答案】B【解析】A选项 may properly “适当地”；B选项 had better “最好”；C选项 should surely “应该”；D选项 may probably “也许可能”。句意：过度热衷于限制食物，节食者很可能会无意中暴饮暴食，你最好还是忘记禁食的想法。结合此处关键词 may as well “最好”，得知B为正确答案。6. 单选题Sometimes it can be shown that the tissue not only looks homogeneous, but actually is so, because, if the tissue is cut in half, each half will regulate to give rise to the same pattern as would otherwise have been produced by the whole.问题1选项A.createB.occurC.emergeD.deteriorate【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项 create “创造，创作；造成”；B选项 occur “发生；出现；存在”；C选项 emerge “浮现；摆脱；暴露”；D选项 deteriorate “恶化，变坏”。句意：可以证明，组织不仅看起来是均匀的，而且实际上是均匀的，因为如果组织被切成两半，每一半将调节以产生与整体相同的图案。结合此处关键词 give rise to “造成；引起；导致”，得知A为正确答案。7. 单选题In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export subsidy. The new protectionism is much broader than this: it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term “protection.” But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations.The emergence of the new protectionism in the Western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, “The old protectionism.coexisted, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptance of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism-indeed, protectionists as well as (if not more than) free traders stood for laissez faire. Now, as in the 1930s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to distribute resources and incomes to societies satisfaction.” It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colors implies redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government intervenes to bring about a more desired result.The victory of the welfare state is almost complete in northern Europe. In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. In Great Britain this is only somewhat less true. Government traditionally has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only West Germany dares to go against the tide towards excessive interventionism in Western Europe. It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy.The welfare state has made significant progress in the United States as well as in Western Europe. Social s