2022年考博英语-厦门大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题When the novelist Jodi Picoult was approached to write a few installments of the Wonder Woman comics series, her first_was to take the character out of her trademark.问题1选项A.conspiracyB.subversionC.impulseD.dissipation【答案】C【解析】conspiracy共谋, 阴谋; subversion颠覆, 破坏; impulse推动, 剌激; dissipation消散, 分散。句意：当小说家Jodi Picoult被邀请为神奇女侠系列漫画写一些情节时, 她的第一个想法就是把这个角色从自己的性格特征中脱离出来。选项C符合句意。2. 单选题Antiwar champion Rep. John Murtha wants to attach conditions on the impending supplemental_bill to fund the war.问题1选项A.approbationsB.approximationsC.apprehensionsD.appropriations【答案】D【解析】approbation官方批准, 认可; approximation接近,近似值; apprehension理解,恐惧, 逮捕；appropriation挪用,拨款。句意：反战派共和党员John Murtha希望对即将通过的为战争提供资金的追加拨款法案附加条件。选项D符合句意。3. 翻译题Many advocates of a universal healthcare system in the United States look to Canada for their model. While the Canadian healthcare system has much to recommend it, theres another model that has been too long neglected. That is the healthcare system in France.(1) Although the French system faces many challenges,the World Health Organization rated it the best in the world in 2001 because of its universal coverage, responsive healthcare providers, patient and provider freedoms,and the health and longevity of the countrys population. The United States ranked 37.The French system is also not inexpensive. At $3,500 per capita it is one of the most costly in Europe, yet that is still far less than the $6,100 per person in the United States.(2) The French share Americans distaste for restrictions on patient choice and they insist on autonomous private practitioners rather than a British-style national health service, which the French dismiss as socialized medicine. Virtually all physicians in France participate in the nations public health insurance, Securite Sociale.Their freedoms of diagnosis and therapy are protected in ways that would make their managed-care- controlled US counterparts envious. However,the average American physician earns more than five times the average US wage while the average French physician makes only about two times the average earnings of his or her compatriots. (3) But the lower income of French physicians is allayed by two factors,Practice liability is greatly diminished by a tort-averse legal system, and medical schools, although extremely competitive to enter, are tuition-free. Thus, French physicians enter their careers, with any debt and pay much lower malpractice insurance premiums.Nor do Frances doctors face the high nonmedical personnel payroll expenses that burden American physicians. Securite Sociale has created a standardized and speedy system for physician billing and patient reimbursement using electronic funds.(4) Its not uncommon to visit a French medical office and see no nonmedical personnel. What a concept. No back office army of billing specialists who do daily battle with insurers arcane and constantly changing rules of payment.National health insurance in France stands upon two grand historical bargainsthe first with doctors and a second with insurers.Doctors only agreed to participate in compulsory health insurance if the Jaw protected a patients choice of practitioner and guaranteed physicians resistance by permitting the nations already existing insurers to administer its new healthcare funds. Private health insurers are also central to the system as supplemental insurers who cover patient expenses that are not paid for by Securite Sociale.In fact, in France, the sicker you are,the more coverage, care, and treatment you get. Like all healthcare systems, the French confront ongoing problems. (5) Today French reformers number one priority is to move health insurance financing away from payroll and wage levies because they hamper employers willingness to hire. Instead, France is turning toward broad taxes on earned and unearned income alike to pay for healthcare. Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.【答案】（1）尽管法国的医疗保健制度面临着很多的挑战， 但2001年世界卫生组织仍将它排在第一位，原因是法国的医疗保健制度的覆盖面最广，拥有积极响应的医疗保健提供者, 医患的自由性和国民健康、长寿。（2）法国人和美国人一样也不愿意在患者选择上设限， 并且他们坚决主张自主的私营执业者，而不是一种英 国式的国民保健制度。法国人将这种国民保健制度视为“公费医疗制度”，不予采纳。（3）但是两方面的因素弥补了法国医生的收入低的情形。反侵权法律制度大大减小了实践责任。另外, 尽管进入医学院的竞争极其激烈， 但其学费是免费的。因此，法国医生就业时很少欠债， 所付的医疗事故保险费非常少。（4）参观法国医用办公室看不到非医学的职员是很平常的事情。也就是说在后端办公的人员中，没有大批的医疗账单专家每天与保险公司不断改变的付款规则作战。（5）)如今法国改革者优先考虑的事是不再从工资和工资税上为健康保险筹措资金， 因为他们制约了雇用者雇用员工的意愿。相反，法国的税收主要是来自工薪收入和非工薪收入， 并用这些税收来支付健康保险。4. 单选题Poseidon sat at his desk, doing figures. The administration of all the waters gave him endless work. He could have had assistants, as many as he wanted 一 and he did have very many 一 but since he took his job very seriously, he would in the end go over all the figures and calculations himself, and thus his assistants were of little help to him. It cannot be sai