2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The former president is to verify at a human rights court heating cases of atrocities.问题1选项A.testifyB.provideC.conformD.supply【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。testify证明，证实；provide提供；conform使遵守，使一致；supply提供。句意：这位前总统将在人权法庭对暴行案件进行核实。故A项正确。2. 单选题There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask whats wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble conies when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: At this time, well over 1.000 studies point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when lie weeded out the most doubtful measures of aggression, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read aggressive or non-aggressive words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.1. Why is there so much violence shown in movies. TV and video games?2. What is the skeptics view of media violence?3. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para. 5) to refer to those who（ ） .4. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging（ ）5. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?问题1选项A.There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B.Something has gone wrong with todays society.C.Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D.Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.问题2选项A.Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B.Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C.A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D.The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.问题3选项A.use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB.initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC.assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD.use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior问题4选项A.the source and amount of their dataB.the targets of their observationC.their system of measurementD.their definition of violence问题5选项A.More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B.It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C.The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D.He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段 one might reasonably ask whats wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. 人们可能会合理地问，一个把家庭暴力视频作为娱乐的社会出了什么问题?可知人们认为展示暴力是具有娱乐性的，故D项正确。2.判断推理题。由第三段“The trouble conies when researchers downplay