2022年考博英语-西南大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Once you get to know your mistakes, you should （ ）them as soon as possible.问题1选项A.rectifyB.reclaimC.refrainD.reckon【答案】A【解析】考察动词词义辨析。rectify “改正”；reclaim “取回，收回”；refrain “节制，克制，避免”；reckon “认为，假定”。句意：你一旦知道你错在哪里，你就应该尽快改正。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题The criminal made a(n) （ ）for freedom by trying to run away.问题1选项A.resortB.pleaC.appealD.bid【答案】D【解析】考察名词词义辨析。resort “手段”；plea “请求”；appeal “呼吁”；bid “投标”。句意：罪犯试图通过逃跑来争取自由。make a bid for 争取，选项D符合题意。3. 单选题They are going to London, but their （ ）destination is Rome.问题1选项A.ultimateB.primeC.nextD.cardinal【答案】A【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。ultimate “最终的”；prime “主要的，最好的”；next “其次的”；cardinal “主要的，基本的”。句意：他们要去伦敦，但他们最终的目的是罗马。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题Finding the cause of a disease will provide a （ ）for research on a cure for it.问题1选项A.prospectB.incentiveC.spurD.inducement【答案】A【解析】考察名词词义辨析。prospect “前途，预期”；incentive “动机，刺激”；spur “刺激，鞭策”；inducement “诱因”。句意：找出疾病的原因是为其治疗方法研究提供前景。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题His originality as a composer is （ ）by the following group of songs.问题1选项A.exemplifiedB.createdC.performedD.realized【答案】A【解析】考察动词词义辨析。exemplify “例证”；create “创造”；perform “执行；表演”；realize “意识到；实现”。下面的这些歌曲能够佐证他是一个原创作曲家。选项A符合题意。6. 单选题She is a very original comedian and can （ ）laughs out of any audience.问题1选项A.sufferB.wringC.induceD.infect【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。suffer “遭受”；wring “拧”; induce “诱导；引起”；infect “感染，传染”。句意：她是一位非常有独创性的喜剧演员，能让任何观众大笑。选项C符合题意。7. 单选题The scientific method is the systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the identification of a problem, the collection of relevant data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses that aim to solve the problem. Ever since the scientific method became a way of learning about nature, including ourselves, some people have hailed science as the only way to comprehend natural phenomena, while others have questioned whether it is an appropriate road to knowledge. As science and technology have grown, the questioning has deepened and expanded.This is not to say that so-called scientific evidence is not a good way to vouchsafe truth. Scientists testimonies are used to endorse everything from toothpaste to nuclear power; however, they are also used to challenge the very same things. And this is where it gets tricky: “Scientific” support can now be elicited on all sides of every question, so that the public is constantly forced to decide which scientists to believe.Where then is the vaunted objectivity of science? People are realizing that they must either develop criteria on which to make these decisions (and to do so for each important issue) or decide to disbelieve all scientific explanations and look for other ways of knowing. Incidentally, these other ways are sometimes no less empirical than the scientific ones. The decision to disbelieve all scientific explanations is not to be sneered at. The volume, contradictoriness, and limited comprehensibility of much scientific information leave most people bewildered.I am reminded of the comment Virginia Woolf attributes to the time-traveling character in her novel Orlando, who mused as she enters an elevator at Marshall and Snelgroves department store in London in 1928: “The very fabric of life now. is magic. In the eighteenth century, we knew how everything was done; but here I rise through the air; I listen to voices in America; I see men flying - but how its done, I cant ever begin to wonder. So my belief in magic returns.”Not only the general public is ill at ease. Uneasy questions are being asked by scientists themselves. As one noted scientists has argued: The scientific community had lead a particularly unexamined life for a surprisingly long time, and may have accepted its unusual and, until recently, unquestioned status a little too easily. Indeed, in the last 25 years, in an effort to raise financial support at a rate nearly triple that of the rest of society, the scientific community may have promised too much too soon. Certainly it underestimated the demand for accountability.” And his scientist goes on: In all humility, it must. be admitted that it is impossible to categorically deny that we may have reached a point where we must abandon the faith that in all cases knowledge is better than ignorance. We simply lack the ability to make accurate predictions.1.In lines 4-6 (“some people, knowledge”), the author does which of the following?2.The examples in lines 9-10 (toothpaste.power9) are given to （ ）.3.Lines 16-18 (“The decision. bewildered”) serve primarily to（ ）.4.In the last sentence, the word “simply” most nearly means（ ）.5.The primary purpose of this passage as a whole is to（ ）.问题1选项A.Rationalizes a behaviorB.Advocates a