2022年考博英语-厦门大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The president striking an_tone on Israeli Palestinian relations after a week of ideal meeting with leaders from both sides of the conflict.问题1选项A.outlandishB.optimisticC.jurisdictionalD.sacramental【答案】B【解析】outlandish偏僻的, 古怪的; optimistic乐观的; jurisdictional司法的, 司法权的; sacramental圣礼的,神圣的。句意：总统在与巴以冲突双方领导人进行了一周令人满意的会晤后, 对巴以关系发表了乐观的看法。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题The senator of New York courted black voters,considered crucial to_the Democratic presidential nomination, in a series of campaign stops.问题1选项A.confiningB.securingC.tamperingD.pervading【答案】B【解析】confine限制; secure保护,固定; tamper干预,削弱; pervade遍及。句意：这位来自纽约的参议员在一系列竞选活动中设法争取黑人选民的支持, 黑人选民被认为是确保民主党总统候选人提名的关键。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it and this_produces artificial cold surrounding it.问题1选项A.absorptionB.transitionC.consumptionD.interaction【答案】A【解析】absorption吸收; transition过渡, 转变; consumption消费, 消耗; interaction相互作用。句意：水从固体变成液体, 会吸收附近所有物质的热量, 这种吸收会在周围产生人工寒潮。选项A符合句意。4. 单选题It wasnt until the late 19th century that physicians realized that its_symptoms were all part of the same disease.问题1选项A.perfunctoryB.peremptoryC.perplexingD.perambulatory【答案】C【解析】perfunctory敷衍的; peremptory强制的, 专横的; perplexing复杂的, 令人困惑的; perambulatory巡视的。句意：直到19世纪末, 医生们才意识到, 这些令人费解的症状都是同一种疾病的一部分。选项C符合句意。5. 单选题The most frustrating periods of any diet are the inevitable_, when weight loss_if not stops.问题1选项A.moods.acceleratesB.feastshaltsC.holidays.contractsD.plateaus.slows【答案】D【解析】moods.accelerates情绪 加速; feasts.halts宴会 停止; holidays.contracts假日 收缩; plateaus.slows停滞时期 减慢。句意：任何节食计划中最令人沮丧的阶段都是不可避免的停滞期, 减肥的速度即使没有停止也会减慢。选项D符合句意。6. 单选题The British historian Niall Ferguson speculated that the end of American_might not fuel an orderly shift to a multipolar system.问题1选项A.domainB.hegemonyC.sovereigntyD.preference【答案】B【解析】domain领地,领域; hegemony霸权; sovereignty主权,君主; preference偏爱, 优先权。句意：英国历史学家Niall Ferguson推测, 美国霸权主义的终结可能不会推动美国向多极体系的有序转变。选项B符合句意。7. 单选题Don Hambrick,a management professor at Penn States Smeal College of Business, says Its become much more_and a lot less fun to be an executive or director.问题1选项A.sinkingB.indifferentC.taxingD.slouching【答案】C【解析】sinking沉没; indifferent无关紧要的; taxing繁重的, 费力的; slouching没精打采的, 懒散的。句意：宾夕法尼亚州Smeal大学商学院管理学教授Don Hambrick表示:“做一名主管或总监更费力，也少了许多乐趣。”选项C符合句意。8. 单选题Language, culture, and personality may be considered_of each other in thought, but they arc inseparable in fact.问题1选项A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently【答案】D【解析】indistinctly不清楚地, 分不清地; separately分别地, 分离地; irrelevantly无关地, 不相干地; independently独立地。句意：语言、文化和人格在思想上可以相互独立, 但实际上是不可分割的。选项D符合句意。9. 单选题Hello,my name is Richard and I am an ego surfer. The habit began about five years ago,and now I need help. Like most journalists, I cant deny that one of my private joys is seeing my byline in print. Now the internet is allowing me to feed this vanity to an ever greater extent,and the occasional sneaky web search has grown into a full-blown obsession with how high up Googles ranking my articles appear when I put my name into the search box. When I last looked,my best effort was a rather humiliating 47th place. You know you have a problem when you find yourself competing for ranking with a retired basketball player from the 1970s.Not that Im alone in suffering from a dysfunctional techno-habit. New technologies have revealed a whole raft of hitherto unsuspected personality problems: think crackberry, powerpointlessness or cheesepodding. Most of us are familiar with sending an email to a colleague sitting a couple of feet away instead of talking to them. Some go onto the web to snoop on old friends,colleagues or even first dates. More of us than ever reveal highly personal information on blogs or My Space entries. A few will even use internet anonymity to fool others into believing they are someone else altogether. So are these web syndromes and technological tics new versions of old afflictions,or are we developing fresh mind bugs?Developing a bad habit is easier than many might think. You can become addicted to potentially anything you do, says Mark Griffiths, an addiction researcher at Nottingham Trent University in the UK, because addictions rely on constant rewards. Indeed,although definitions of addiction vary,there is a body of evidence that suggests drug addictions and non-drug habits share the same neural pathways. While only a hardcore few can be considered true technology addicts,an entirely unscientific survey of the web,and of New Scientist staff,has r