2022-2023年考博英语-厦门大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes into contact with them. Their valuesthis cant be repeated too oftenare not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves faced with a flat with decaying food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone on bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old.Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The body is like a car it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older. You can carry this comparison right through to the provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results. And at what point should you cease to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by pursuing the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to activate the old body, knowing that it is designed to die? You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try on the principle that while theres life, theres hope.When you talk to the old people, however, you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than it does on your ability to have fun.1.It is implied in Paragraph one that（ ）.2.Some social workers think that （ ） .3.In the authors opinion, （ ） .4.The word it in the last paragraph refers to （ ）.5.The author thinks that （ ）.问题1选项A.very old people enjoy living with their relativesB.social services have nothing to do with very old peopleC.very old people would like to live alone so that they can have more personal freedomD.very old people are able to keep their rooms very clean问题2选项A.health and safety are more important than personal freedomB.personal freedom is more important than health and safetyC.old people should keep their rooms cleanD.one should not take risks of dealing with old people问题3选项A.the human body cant be compared to a carB.the older a person, the more care he needsC.too much emphasis has been put on old peoples valuesD.it is easy to provide spare parts for old people问题4选项A.the conclusion you have come toB.your talk to the old peopleC.whether age is happy or unpleasantD.ones money or ones health问题5选项A.medical decisions for the old people should be left to the doctorsB.old people can enjoy a happy life only if they are very richC.the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtfulD.it is always morally right to treat old people and push off death【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知选项A和D表述错误, 选项B在文中没有提及, 只有选项C符合原文。2.根据第一段最后一句Some social workers,., think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old.认为我们持有个人自由的概念是危险的, 因为这会给老年人的健康和安全带来严重的风险。也就是说他们认为健康和安全比自由更重要。选项A符合原文。3.根据第二段的内容, 将人的身体和汽车相比较, 汽车需要的是机械保养, 而人需要手术进行治疗, 不管结果如何如何好, 但过程是极度痛苦的。作者的潜在意思是, 人能感到疼痛, 但车却不会, 两者完全没有可比性, 所以本题选A。4.分析句子结构并结合句意可知, it指的是上句中的whether age is happy or unpleasant。所以选项C正确。5.根据第二段的最后一句You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide,.可知选项A错误; 根据最后一段可知选项B错误; 根据第二段倒数第二句Is it morally right to.that it is designed to die?明知道这是死亡必须经历的过程, 却还是通过开发药物来激发健忘的老思想, 激活衰老的身体, 这在道德上是正确的吗?该句为反问句, 说明作者对此是持怀疑的态度, 所以选项C正确, 选项D错误。2. 单选题The government recently presented an ambitious plan to tackle the violence and_that follow when too many people drink too much too quickly in too small an area.问题1选项A.alienationB.delimitationC.barenessD.mayhem【答案】D【解析】alienation疏远,转让; delimitation定界; bareness赤裸, 裸露; mayhem蓄意的破坏, 故意的伤害罪。句意：政府最近提出了一项雄心勃勃的计划，以解决在一个面积太小的地区，如果有太多的人饮酒太多太快而制造的暴力和混乱。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题The destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City_shock and anger throughout the world.问题1选项A.temptedB.provokedC.summonedD.enveloped【答案】B【解析】tempted引诱, 诱导; provoked激起, 引起; summoned传唤, 召集; enveloped包围, 包封, 遮盖。句意：纽约双子塔的毁坏在全世界引起了震惊和愤怒。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题Which sport has the most expenses_training equipment, players personal equipment and uniforms?问题1选项A.in place ofB.by way ofC.in terms ofD.by means of【答案】C【解析】in place of代替; by way of经由; in terms of依据, 按照, 在方面; by means of通过, 依靠。句意：哪