2022-2023年考博英语-广西大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state（ ）.问题1选项A.pensionsB.earningsC.salariesD.donations【答案】A【解析】句意:老年俄罗斯公民发现，依靠国家的养老金生活很艰难。考查名词辨析。pension 养老金；earning 收益；工资；salary 薪水；donation捐赠；捐款。因此A项正确。2. 单选题Come what（ ）, were not going to make any concession to his unreasonable demands.问题1选项A.mustB.shouldC.mayD.can【答案】C【解析】句意:不管怎样，我们不会对他的无理要求作出任何让步考查固定搭配。Come what may 不管三七二十一，不管怎样。3. 单选题To us, it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun.Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century BC.We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices.In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England.By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors.1. The first use of umbrella was as（ ）.2.（ ）were the people who first used umbrellas.3. The umbrella was used only by royalty or by those in high offices（ ）.4. According to the passage, which of the following is not true?5. Which of the following is the best title of the passages?问题1选项A.protection against rainB.a shade against the sunC.a symbol of powerD.a symbol of honor问题2选项A.ChineseB.RomansC.GreeksD.Egyptians问题3选项A.in Europe in the 18th centuryB.in ancient Egypt and BabylonC.in the Far East in ancient timesD.during the Middle Ages问题4选项A.Women enjoy using umbrellas with varied kinds of colors nowadays.B.The inventor of the umbrella is unknown.C.Once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas.D.Umbrellas were popular and cheap in ancient times.问题5选项A.When Was the Umbrella Invented?B.The History of UmbrellaC.Umbrella - A Symbol of HonorD.Who Used Umbrella First?【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出: But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun (实际上， 伞的发明不是为了躲雨。它的第一个用途是为了遮蔽太阳)。因此选B项“遮蔽太阳”。2.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第二段: Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C (可能，第一个使用伞的人是中国人，可以追溯到公元前11世纪)，因此选A项。3.细节事实题。第三段指出: In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices (在古代远东地区，只允许皇室的人或者身居高位的人使用伞)，因此选C项“在古代远东地区”。4.判断推理题。A:如今，女性享用各色的伞。最后一句指出: It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors (直到二十世纪，妇女雨伞才开始有各种各样的颜色)，因此A项正确。B:伞的发明者不知道是谁，第二段第一句指出: Nobody knows who first invented it.(不知道最初谁发明了伞)，因此B项正确。C:曾经，普通人没有权利使用伞，第三段倒数第二句指出: And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority (雨伞再次被认为是权力和权威的象征)。因此C项正确。D:雨伞在古代很流行也很便宜。此项在文中并未有所体现。因此选D。5.主旨大意题。本文主要谈及伞的历史发展，和伞在古代的使用人群等，以及伞的使用现状。因此B项“伞的历史”比较适合做文章标题。4. 单选题The government makes rich pensioners richer stillBRITAINS pensioners are a cosseted lot. Since 2011 their state pensions have been protected by the “triple lock?” which ensures they rise along with prices, warnings or 2.5%, whichever is higher. Perks for the old such as free TV licenses and bus passes and an annual winter handout to help with heating have all survived austerity. Government bonds paying well above the market rate of interest have just been made available exclusively to those aged 65 and over. Is all this generosity justified?Pensioners are poorer than working-age people-almost all have incomes below the national average. But they are treated better by the state. For any given private income, retirees equalized disposable income-that is, money available to spend after the deduction of taxes and payment of benefits, and adjusted to account for household sizeis higher than that of younger peopleThe state pension, currently worth about 6.000 (around $9,000) a year, accounts for much of the discrepancy. It is often seen as a reward for past contributions, not as a pure benefit, but this is dubious: pensions are funded by todays taxpayers. Even if