2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 不定项选择题We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other, more surprising causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition. Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide.Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen-rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur-producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.Alcohol, hunger, too much talking. breathing through the mouth during exerciseanything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though its not understood why. Some peoples breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry-mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry-mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they dont necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus. If the mouthwash contains alcoholas most doit can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth.1. The phrase “emanate from” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”.2. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?3. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because _.4. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because _.5. We can infer from this passage that _.问题1选项A.thrive onB.account forC.originate fromD.descend from问题2选项A.Tooth trouble.B.Sulfur-rich food.C.Too much exercise.D.Mental strain.问题3选项A.it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB.its smell adds to bad breathC.it kills some helpful bacteriaD.it affects the normal flow of saliva问题4选项A.they cant mask the bad odor long enoughB.they cant get to all the offending bacteriaC.their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD.they cant cover the thick layers of mucus问题5选项A.offensive breath cant easily be curedB.elderly people are less offended by bad breathC.heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD.offensive breath is less affected by alcohol【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The phrase “emanate from” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”. 1. 第一段中的词组“emanate from”很可能是“_”的意思。A. thrive on A. 靠发展B. account for B. 对负责、做出解释C. originate from C. 发源于D. descend from D. 由传下来的【考查点】词义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段第二句“在大多数情况下，令人不快的口气emanates from口腔中的细菌，尽管还有其他更令人惊讶的原因（causes）”，根据后面的causes可知，offensive breath（口臭）和bacteria in the mouth（口腔中的细菌）之间应该是一个因果关系，是bacteria（细菌）导致了offensive breath（口臭），那么可以反推，offensive breath（口臭）是来源于bacteria（细菌），故C项“发源于”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“靠发展”、B项“对负责、做出解释”和D项“由传下来的”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath? 2. 下列哪项被提到是口臭的原因之一？A. Tooth trouble. A. 牙齿问题。B. Sulfur-rich food. B. 高硫的食物。C. Too much exercise. C. 太多锻炼。D. Mental strain. D. 精神紧张。【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第四段“酒精、饥饿、说话太多、运动时用嘴呼吸，任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭。压力也是如此，虽然不知道为什么。有些人每次去面试时口气都会变酸。”可知，压力也会造成口气问题，D项“精神紧张”也属于压力问题，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项“牙齿问题”没有提到，属于无中生有；B项“高硫的食物”根据第三段第二句“例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流得很慢，产生硫的细菌占了上风，产生了所谓的早晨口气”可知，原文提到的是含硫的细菌能够导致口臭，并不是食物，该项属于曲解原文；C项“太多锻炼”根据第四段第一句“酒精、饥饿、说话太多、运动时用嘴呼吸，任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭”可知，原文说的是运动时用嘴呼吸会引发口臭，该项条件不足，属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because _. 3. 根据这篇文章，酒精与口臭有关的主要原因是_。A. it keeps offending bacteria from reproducing A. 它能阻止有害细菌的繁殖B. its smell adds to bad breath B. 它的气味增加了口臭C. it kills some helpful bacteria C. 它杀死了一些有益的细菌D. it affects the normal flow of saliva D. 它影响唾液的正常流动【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章最后一句“如果漱口水中含有酒精大多数漱口水