Unit 6 Ancient stories Grammar 学案姓名：_ 班级：_学习目标：掌握“现在完成时”的构成及使用学习重点：现在完成时的基本概念及构成学习难点：现在完成的用法观察一：请仔细观察下列两个句子。1. I have not laughed like this since my childhood. 2. The Greeks have tried to capture our city for ten years.思考一：1. 现在完成时表达的含义：1）表示 或 的动作 造成的影响或结果E.g. I have just washed my car.（车很干净了）2） 表示过去已经开始并 到现在并将会持续的动作或状态.E.g. He has learned English since 2001.（我还在继续学习英语）2. 现在完成时的构成：_观察二：请仔细观察以下句子They have left a huge wooden horse.思考二：现在完成时的肯定句，否定句，疑问句分别是怎样构成的？ 总结： 过去完成时态的构成：肯定式：_否定式：_疑问式：_肯定回答_ 否定回答_练习一、按要求改变句子。1.She has done her homework. (改否定句) 2.She hasnt told us the news yet. (改肯定句) 3.The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑问句) 动词的规则变化(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ”。 work-worked-worked , visit-visited-visited (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ ”。 live-lived-lived (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ”。 study-studied-studied , cry-cried-cried (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 注意：规则动词的过去分词的变化与过去式是一样的!练习二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词Work _ _Live _ _Stay _ _Stop _ _Clean _ _Study _ _不规则动词动词不规则变化需要大家去熟记，可参考书本141-142页的表格加以熟记！三、现在完成时的用法: 1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)I have lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book . (不了解书的内容)I have cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用. 常用语肯定句常用于肯定句句中, 常用于否定句,疑问句句尾。What has just happened to him ?. What has just happened to her ? 练习三、翻译以下句子1、你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found your book) 2、他们已经在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built many buildings) 3、Judy还刚到达. (arrive-arrived) 2)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。She has learned English 5 years. He has lived in Beijing he was born .Have you stayed here 3 oclock?常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.for+ 时间段since+ , since+ since: (自以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince （五点钟）.2)since+ 时间段+ agoHehasstayedheresince （五个小时前） .3)since+ 从句(从句用一般过去时)ShehastaughtEnglishsince （自从他来这里）. for: (长达） for+ 时间段He has kept the book （长达两周时间）.练习四、用for 或since填空1、Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2、Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3、My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4、My friends havent visited me _ my birthday. 5、We havent used our car _ a long time . 6、She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7、Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. 总结1、Translate them into English. 1.我自从2012年以来就在建文中学读书。2.他自从两年前就住在这里。3.我自出生以来就住在深圳。4.他学习英语将近十年了。 总结2、欣赏现在完成时动画教学Homework:1.将课本141页的动词的原型，过去式，过去分词按照以下分类：AAA AAB ABB ABA ABC2.完成宝典训练第六单元第四天语法专题