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2022年考博英语-吉林大学考前拔高综合测试题(含答案带详解)1. 单选题Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life (1)common to all animals. In a biological laboratory, rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same.However, biological understanding is not enough: (2)itself, it can never tell us what human beings are.(3)to our physical equipment the naked human body we are not an(4)animal. We are tropical creatures,(5)hairless and sensitive to cold. We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us to get it. In the purely physical(6) our species seems a poor (7) for survival.But we have survived-survived and multiplied and(8) the earth. Some day we will have a(9)living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things? Part of the answer is physical. (10) its limitations, our physical equipment has some important (11) We have excellent vision and hands that can(12)objects with a precision unmatched by any other (13). Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost (14) number of neural (15) .We have used this physical equipment to create culture, the key to our survival and success. If we live in the Arctic, we supply the warmth our tropical bodies need (16) clothing, shelter, and(17) heat. If a million people want to live in a desert that supplies natural food for only a few hundred, we find water to grow food and(18) deficits by transporting supplies from distant places. Inhabitants of our eventual moon colony will bring their own food and oxygen and then create an artificial earth environment to supply necessities. With culture, we can overcome our natural limitations.It was not always (19). Our distant ancestors were just animals, faced with the limits of their physical equipment. They had no (20)and lacked the physical capacity to use it.问题1选项A.processesB.actsC.modesD.procedures问题2选项A.OnB.WithC.ForD.By问题3选项A.StrippedB.ParedC.PeeledD.Removed问题4选项A.intelligentB.impressiveC.influentialD.incentive问题5选项A.barelyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.scarcely问题6选项A.meaningB.judgmentC.perspectiveD.sense问题7选项A.betB.chanceC.factD.luck问题8选项A.filledB.loadedC.stuffedD.scattered问题9选项A.residenceB.colonyC.homeD.empire问题10选项A.Apart fromB.With regard toC.With the exception ofD.In spite of问题11选项A.abilitiesB.potentialsC.capabilitiesD.possibilities问题12选项A.maneuverB.manageC.manipulateD.manufacture问题13选项A.animalB.animalsC.creaturesD.creature44.问题14选项A.infiniteB.unknownC.boundlessD.ceaseless问题15选项A.connectionsB.relationsC.activitiesD.accesses问题16选项A.forB.toC.withD.by问题17选项A.artificialB.fakeC.unrealD.unauthentic问题18选项A.add upB.break upC.make upD.cut up问题19选项A.thisB.thusC.henceD.that问题20选项A.intellectB.equipmentC.competenceD.culture【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C第6题:D第7题:A第8题:A第9题:B第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:A第14题:A第15题:A第16题:D第17题:A第18题:C第19题:B第20题:D【解析】(1)考查名词词义辨析。process “过程;进行;步骤”;act “行动;法令,法案;(戏剧,歌剧的)一幕”;mode “模式;方式;风格”;procedure “程序;手续;步骤”。空格处所在句子的句意是:我们呼吸、进食、消化和重现生命过程的这些模式与动物非常像。选项C符合题意。(2)考查固定搭配。by itself “独自”。选项D符合题意。(3)考查动词词义辨析。strip “剥夺;剥去”;pare “消减;削皮;剪;修掉(边等)”;peel “剥落;削”;remove “移动;迁移”。空格处所在句子的句意是:脱掉我们的衣服,露出赤裸的人类身体,我们不再是给人印象深刻的一种动物。选项A符合题意。(4)考查形容词词义辨析。空格处所在句子的句意参考第33题,选项B符合题意。(5)考查副词词义辨析。barely “仅仅”;hardly “几乎不”;nearly “几乎;密切地”;scarcely “几乎不”。空格处所在句子的句意是:我们是一种热情的生物,身上几乎没有毛,对冷很敏感。选项C符合题意。(6)考查固定搭配。in the sense “从这种意义上来说”。选项D符合题意。(7)考查名词词义辨析。bet “打赌,赌注”;chance “机会”; fact “事实”;luck “运气”。空格处所在句子的句意是:从物体的意义上来说,我们这个物种在生存上似乎不是一个好的赌注。选项A符合题意。(8)考查动词词义辨析。fill “装满;充满;挤满”;load “使担负”;stuff “塞满;填塞”;scatter“使散开;使散播”。空格处所在句子的句意是:当时我们生存下来了,数量不断增加,并且挤满在世界的各个地方。选项A符合题意。(9)考查逻辑关系。文章倒数第二段提到 our eventual moon colony “我们最后的月球聚居地”。所以选项B符合题意。(10)考查介词词组辨析。apart from “除 之外”;with regard to “关于,至于”;with the exception of “除了 之外”;in spite of “尽管”。空格处所在句子的句意是:尽管我们的身体有很多局限,但是我们的身体设备有很多的潜能。选项D符合题意。(11)考查名词词义辨析。ability “能力”;potential “潜能”;capability “才能,能力”;possibility “可能性”。空格处所在句子的句意参考第40题,选项B符合题意。(12)考查动词词义辨析。maneuver “机动;演习”;manage “管理;经营”;manipulate “操纵;操作”;manufacture “制造;加工;捏造”。空格处句子所在句意:我们有着极好的视力和一双能精确使用物体上的双手,这是其他动物无法相比的。选项C符合题意。(13)考查名词词义辨析。空格处所在句子的句意参考第42题。根据空格前的 any other 可知空格处需要填入一个可数名词的单数形式,选项A符合题意。(14)考查形容词词义辨析。infinite “无限的,无穷的”;unknown “未知的;不出名的”;boundless“无限的,无边无际的”;ceaseless“不断的;不停的”。空格处所在句子的句意是:更重要的是,我们拥有几乎无限数量神经连接的大脑。选项A符合题意。(15)考查名词词义辨析。空格处所在句子的句意参考第44题。选项A符合题意。(16)考查介词辨析。for “为了;因
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