2022年考博英语-湖南大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The police have offered a large（ ） for information leading to the robbers arrest.问题1选项A.awardB.compensationC.prizeD.reward【答案】D【解析】名词辨析。句意: 为抓捕逃犯提供信息，警方将 高额赏金。award 奖金，奖学金，通常与一 段时间的成绩和表现相关；compensation 补偿，赔偿，一般与损失相关； prize 奖赏，奖金，一般与竞赛或比赛相关；reward 报酬，奖赏，一般与 劳动、服务、支持和帮助相关。2. 单选题The advertising industry has resorted to self-regulation in a serious effort to curtail not only bad taste but also misrepresentation and deception in copy and illustrations.问题1选项A.avertB.denyC.excludeD.reduce【答案】D【解析】动词辨析。句意: 广告业通过加强自律努力清除印刷制品与各类插图中的低俗内容、失实报道与欺骗信息。avert:避免，防止。deny:否认，拒绝。reduce:减少，降低，缩小。curtail:缩减，缩短。故D项与题意一致。3. 单选题The evil manners would be （ ）root and branch due to the forceful action taken by the local government.问题1选项A.exterminatedB.exemplifiedC.facilitatedD.emitted【答案】A【解析】动词辨析。句意: 由于地方政府的强力措施，坏习惯会终究被根除。exterminate消灭；根除。 exemplify例证；例示。 facilitate促进； 帮助；使容易。emit发出，放射；发行；发表。4. 单选题These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the appalling working conditions.问题1选项A.bewilderingB.exasperatingC.dismayingD.upsetting【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析。句意: 尽管工作环境恶劣，但是这些非法移民者每天必须工作数小时。bewildering使人困惑的; exasperating 惹人生气的。Dismaying 使人惊恐的，使焦急的; upsetting 令人心烦意 乱的，令人苦恼的。Appaling 令人震惊的，低劣得不像话的。故选C。5. 单选题（ ）It was after the failure of this attempt that he to force.问题1选项A.resolvedB.recurredC.exertedD.resorted【答案】D【解析】动词辨析。句意: 自那次试验失败后，他诉诸武力。resolve:决心，分解;recur:复发，重视，再发生;exert: 运用，发挥。resort:求助，诉诸。此句是个强调句型，强调是状语。Resort to诉诸,求助于。故D项符合句意。6. 单选题The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industiy is under fire. It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide. “The most worrisome development is a culture of drug-friendliness that seems to be gaining prominence，” said the UNs 13-member International Narcotics Control Board in a report released in late February 1998.The 74-page study says that pop music, as a global industry, is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures. “Some lyrics advocate the smoking of marijuana(大麻)or taking other drugs, and certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle,” the study says.Surprisingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose. “Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect of recreational drug use，” it notes. Since the 1970s, several internationally famous singers and movie starsincluding Elivis Presley, Janice Joplin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs-have died of either drug abuse or drug related illnesses. With the globalization of popular music, messages tolerating or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin. “In most countries, the names of certain pop stars have become familiar to the members of every household,” the study says.The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug issues-especially the use of marijuana and issues of liberalization and legalization, which encourages, rather than prevents, drug abuse. “Over the last years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive,” says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board. “Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs，” he says. Ghodse also points out that all these developments have created an environment which is tolerant of or even favorable to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention efforts currently underway.The present study, he says, focuses on the issue of demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are being exposed.1.Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with?2.The italicized phrase “under fire (Par. 1, sentence 1) means（ ） .3.Under the influence of drug-friendly pop music, what might the youth think of the death of some pop stars caused by overdose?4.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a factor that has contributed to creating an environment tolerant of or even favorable to drug abuse?5.The pop music （ ）.问题1选项A.The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a persons life style.B.The spreading of pop music may cause the drug abuse to go beyond the boundaries of the country.C.No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of d