2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The countrys deficit that year（ ）to a record 169.8 billion dollars.问题1选项A.soaredB.souredC.soredD.sourced【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项soared“飙升，骤然上升”；B选项soured“发酵，厌烦”；C选项sored“弄伤”；D选项sourced“发动，寻找来源”。句意：该国当年的赤字_创纪录的1698亿美元。这里表达的是“当年的赤字飙升至”，因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题The long-term fortunes of the modern economy depend in part on the strength and sustainability of the family, both in relation to fertility trends and to marriage trends. This basic, but often overlooked, principle is now at work in the current global economic crisis.The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in the global economic crisis. That is, one reason that some of the, worlds leading economiesfrom Japan to Italy to Spain to the Euro zone as a wholeare facing fiscal challenges is that their fertility rates have been below replacement levels (2.1 children per woman) for decades. Persistent sub-replacement fertility eventually translates into fewer workers relative to retirees, which puts tremendous strains on public offers and the economy as a whole. Indeed, one recent study finds that almost half the recent run-up in public debt in the West can be attributed to rapid aging over the last decades.Even China may see its sky-high growth “come down to earth in the next few decades as its work force shrinks” because of its one-child policy, as Carlos Cavalle and I argues in a recent reportThe Sustainable Demographic Dividend. By contrast, a recent Rand study suggests that India will have more favorable demographics than China over the next few decades, insofar as its work force is poised to grow. In fact, the Rand study suggests that India may be able to use this demographic advantage to outpace Chinas economic growth rates by the end of the century. Finally, its not just fertility that matters, its also marriage. At least in the west, children are more likely to acquire the human and social capital they need to thrive in the modern economy when they are raised in an intact, married family. In the U.S., for instance, children are more likely to graduate from high school, complete college and be gainfully employed as young adults if they were raised in an intact, married family.And around the globe, men are more likely to give their work their fullest effort and attention when they are married; this is one reason men worldwide enjoy “marriage premium” in their income, ranging from about 14 percent (Mexico) to 19 percent (United States) to 35 percent (Russia). So, at least when it comes to men research suggests that marriage has important implications for worker productivity.The bottom-line message is that what happens in the home does not stay at home rather, the size of families, and their stability and quality, has important implication for the health of the global economy.1.The main idea of this passage is that（ ）.2.One reason that the worlds leading economies are facing fiscal challenges is that（ ）.3.“.its work force is poised to grow” (Para. 3) probably means（ ）.4.From the passage we know that（ ）.5.According to the passage, all the following can affect economy EXCEPT（ ）.问题1选项A.暂缺B.both marriage and fertility affect a countrys economyC.marriage has important implications for worker productivityD.India will outpace Chinas economic growth rate by the end of the century问题2选项A.there is a global economic crisis in recent yearsB.there are fewer babies, and consequently, people spend less on many commoditiesC.people in these countries have fewer children than needed to replace the population for many yearsD.there are tremendous strains on public coffers and the economy as a whole问题3选项A.its work force pauses to growB.its work force continues to grow fastC.its work force continues to grow steadilyD.its work force grows slowly问题4选项A.children from an intact, married family are more likely to have a better lifeB.the more people a country has, the stronger economy it will haveC.the health of the global economy depends entirely on individual familiesD.men are likely to work harder when they are going to have children问题5选项A.the size of familiesB.the stability of familiesC.the quality of familiesD.men and women ratio within the families【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。在第二段的第一句话The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in the global economic crisis.（婚姻和生育率的下降是全球经济危机的一个因素。）之后的段落也是就这一点进行了具体阐释，因此B选项“婚姻和生育都会影响一个国家的经济”正确。C选项“婚姻对工人的生产力有重要的影响”，与原文不符；D选项“到本世纪末，印度的经济增长率将超过中国”，在原文的第三段In fact, the Rand study suggests that India may be able to use this demographic advantage to outpace Chinas economic growth rates by the end of the century. （事实上，兰德公司的研究表明，到本世纪末，印度可能会利用这一人口优势超过中国的经济增长速度。）确实有提到，但是并不是文章的主旨。2.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段That is, one reason that some of the, worlds leading economiesfrom Japan to Italy to Spain