2022年考博英语-复旦大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题A few minutes ago, walking back from lunch, I started to cross the street when I heard the sound of a coin dropping. It wasnt much but as I turned,my eyes caught the heads of several other people turning too. A woman had dropped what appeared to be a dime.The tinkling sound of a coin dropping on pavement is an attention-getter. It can be nothing more than a penny. Whatever the coin is, no one ignores the sound of it. It got me thinking about sounds again.We are besieged by so many sounds that attract the most attention. People in New York City, seldom turn to look when a fire engine, a police car or an ambulance comes screaming along the street. When I am in New York, Im a New Yorker. I dont turn either. Like the natives, I hardly hear a siren there. At home in my little town in Connecticut. Its different. The distant wail of a police car, and emergency vehicle or a fire siren brings me to my feet if Im seated and brings me to the window if Im in bed. Its the quietest sounds that have most effect on us, not the loudest. In the middle of the night, I can hear a dripping tap a hundred yards away through three closed doors. Ive been hearing little creaking noise and sounds which imagination turns into footsteps in the middle of the night for twenty-five years in our house. How come I never hear those sounds in the daytime? Im quite clear in my mind what the good sounds are and what the bad sounds are.Ive turned against whistling, for instance. I used to think of it as the mark of a happy worker but lately Ive been associating the whistler with a nervous person making compulsive noises.The tapping, tapping, tapping of my typewriter as the keys hit the paper is a lovely sound to me. I often like the sound or what I write better than the looks of it.1.The sound of a coin dropping makes people（ ），2.People in New York（ ）.3.How does the author relate to sounds at night?4.He dislikes whistling because（ ）.5.How does the writer feel about sounds in general?问题1选项A.think of moneyB.look at each otherC.pay attention to itD.stop crossing the street问题2选项A.dont care about emergenciesB.are used to sirensC.are attracted by soundsD.dont hear loud noises问题3选项A.He imagines sounds that do not exist.B.He exaggerates quiet sounds.C.He thinks taps should be turned off.D.He believes its rather quiet at night.问题4选项A.he is tired of itB.he used to be happierC.it reminds him of tense peopleD.he doesnt like workers问题5选项A.They make him feel at home.B.He thinks they should be ignored.C.He believes they are part of our lives.D.He prefers silence to loud noises.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】第1题:文章第二段第一句The tinkling sound of a coin dropping on pavement is an attention-getter可知硬币落地的声音会吸引人们的注意力，选项C符合题意。第2题:文章第三段第二句和第三句话可知生活在纽约的人已经习惯了像警车、救护车这类型的声音，选项B符合题意。第3题:文章第三段提到In the middle of the night, I can hear a dripping tap a hundred yards away through three closed doors，在安静的午夜，他甚至能够听到一百码以外并且还隔了三层门的水管滴水的声音。当然这是一种夸张的说法，选项B符合题意。第4题:文章倒数第二段提到I used to think of it as the mark of a happy worker but lately Ive been associating the whistler with a nervous person making compulsive noises，whistling会让他想起工作紧张的工人。选项C符合题意。第5题:文章中提到了生活中的各种声音，比如警车的声音、救护车的声音、水管滴水的声音、口哨声、打字机打字的声音等等，都说明声音就是我们生活中的一部分，所以选项C符合题意。2. 单选题She chewed each delicious mouthful as slowly as she could,（ ） the pleasure.问题1选项A.delayingB.prolongingC.insistingD.indulging【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。delay “推迟”；prolong “延长”；insist “坚持”；indulge “沉浸在”，一般与介词in搭配。句意：她尽可能慢地咀嚼着满嘴的美味，来延长这种享受美味的愉悦感。选项B符合题意。3. 填空题Here is a great irony of 21st-century global public health: While many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of economic inequities, political corruption, or warfare, many hundreds of millions（1）are overweight to the point of increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases. Obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert scarce resources （2） from food security to take care of people with preventable heart disease and diabetes.To reverse the obesity epidemic, we must address fundamental causes. Overweight comes from consuming more food energy than （3） expended in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less active. Market economies encourage this. They turn people with expendable income into consumers of aggressively marketed foods that are high in energy but low in （4）value, and of cars, television sets, and computers that promote sedentary behavior. Gaining weight is good for business. Food is particularly big business because everyone eats.Moreover, food is so overproduced that many countries, especially the rich ones, have farmore than t