The Adverbial Clauses一、状语从句的概念：状语从句又被称为_, 常用来修饰主句中_, _, _ 等，在复合句中作 _ 。引导状语从句的关联词叫_ 。状语从句用_语序 。二、状语从句分类及常用连词：1. I saw a girl standing by the door when I passed by your house. Who is she?2. They are required to put all the books where they were after they finished their reading.3. He didnt find the information he wanted because it had been canceled.4. I was very angry with him so I decided not to talk to him any more.5. If time is enough, we will stay here for another two days to enjoy more scenery.6. He got up early so that he could be the first to see the sunrise.7. He can look after himself even though he is only a 5-year-old child.8. My brother always gives me more help than I can give him.9. The old couple treated the orphan as if he were their own son.Conclusion:类别常用连词 状语从句when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, since, till/ until, notuntil, the first/second/last time, immediately /directly/ instantly，the moment /second /mimute /instant, hardlywhen/before/ scarcelywhen / no soonerthan, etc. 状语从句where, wherever 状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, in that, seeing that, etc. 状语从句so that, in order that, in case，etc. 状语从句so, so that, sothat, suchthat, etc. 状语从句if, unless, once, as/so long as, in case, on condition that, provided (that), providing (that), supposing (that ), given (that), etc. 状语从句though, although, even if, even though, whetheror, while, however, whatever, whichever, as, no matter + 疑问词, etc. 状语从句asas, not as/soas, than, etc. 状语从句as, as if, as though, etc.三、状语从句的用法要点：（1）时间状语从句：A. as、when、while “当的时候”类别作 用例 句asas “当的时候”， “一边.，一边.”, 强调主句与从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生。往往和when/ while通用a. She came up as I was cooking.(同时)b. The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)c. He looked behind from time to time as he went.d. As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer.when1 (at / during the time that )在某一时间点或某一时间段内，主句与从句的动作同时或先后发生。表时间段时= while。2 at that moment（= and then），as/while, 只能放主句之后。“突然”e. It was raining when we arrived.(时间点)f. When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(时间段)g. We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went out.h. They had just arrived home when it began to rain.while1、while “当的时候”一般只指时间段，从句要用延续性动词。2、while，“而，然而”，表转折或对比。 i. Please dont talk so loud while others are working.j. He fell asleep while/when reading. k. Strike while the iron is hot.l. She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my daughter.B. Each time, every time, any time, the last time, next time, the first time, all the time, whenever（每当） + 时间状语从句 “每一次，”“任何一次” “ 第次”， 1). They shake hands with each other _ they meet.他们每次见面都互相握手。 2). I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. 第一次和她见面时，我就认为她极为诚实。3） , they came to help us.每当我们遇上困难的时候他们就来帮我们。C. before表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。He had learned English for three years before he went to London. 常用句型：It is/was/will be before 要过很久才It will be another five days before we finish this task. It isnt/ wasnt/wont be before 没有过多久就/ 还没来得及就It was not long before I forgot it all. He ran off before I could stop him.（主句和从句的动作几乎同时发生，时态一致）D. after表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。1). After _(你使用塑料袋)，you mustnt throw them about. 2). He called me after _(他完成了他的作业). 注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态。E. since / ever since 引导的时间状语从句，译为“_”，主句常用_，从句常用_。1). We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 2). We havent seen each other ever since we parted . 常用句型: It is /was/ has been since It is just a week since we arrived here. (主句的动作或状态持续时间较短，不能用ever since)You have been reading to me ever since James went out. (ever 放在since之前是用来表示说话者强调主句动作或状态持续时间长)The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged during the war and has been silent ever since. ( ever since可以放在句末， since则不能)My uncle went to Tibet in 1951. He has been living there ever since.F. until/till 意为“直到时”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。1). Ill stay here until/till you come back.（stay表示的动作可以_）2). I wont leave here until you come back.（leave 表示的动作_）3). I will _(等我的朋友) until / till he comes. 4). We _(不会开始) our discussion until / till he comes.当主句的谓语动词是_时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是_时，从句常用否定形式，notuntil 意为“直到才”，这时的until可以用before 来替换。注意：1、当not until位于句首时，主句要使用部分倒装语序：Not until she came back did I leave. = I didnt leave until she came back.2.、notuntil在强调句型中的使用。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.Practice: 翻译句子并转化为倒装句和强调句。