2022年考博英语-山东大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must _ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand.问题1选项A.improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。improve “改善”；enhance “加强”；guarantee “保证”；gear “开动，使合适”。句意：为了在国家激烈的贸易竞争中生存，我们必须使我们生产产品的数量和种类适合市场需求。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题A few common misconceptions: Beauty is only skin-deep. Ones physical assets and liabilities dont count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1, 000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties（虔诚）while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, or teachers or corporate personnel mangersa piece of paper relating an individuals accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire （追求）to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.1.According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager_.2.The result of research carried out by social scientists show that_ .3.Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on certain attributes_.4.“Good looks cut both ways for women” （Line 1，Para. 5） means that_ .5.It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world_.问题1选项A.a persons property or debts do not matter muchB.a persons outward appearance is not a critical qualificationC.women should always dress fashionablyD.women should not only be attractive but also high-minded问题2选项A.people do not realize the importance of looking ones bestB.women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC.good-looking women aspire to managerial positionsD.attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not问题3选项A.they observe the principle that beauty is only skin-deepB.they do not usually act according to the views they supportC.they give ordinary-looking persons the lowest ratingsD.they tend to base their judgment on the individuals accomplishments问题4选项A.attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB.good-looking women always get the best of everythingC.being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD.attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions问题5选项A.handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB.physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC.physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite wellD.good looks are important for women as they are for men【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“A few common misconceptions: Beauty is only skin-deep.”，可知很多人误解地认为美是肤浅的。后一句“A woman should always try to look her best.”，说明女性应该让自己看起来最好才是作者想要表达的正确观点。选项B符合题意。 2.推断题。根据文章第四段，“the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated.”，照片上的人越漂亮，评价就越高，说明外貌是一个优势。选项D符合题意。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段， “the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties while acting just the contrary.”，说明我们嘴上说着虔诚的话，但是实际行动却是相反的，也就是不会根据