七年级上册英语语法知识及习题定冠词的用法1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Openthedoor,please.请把门打开。2) 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”)Ihaveapencil,thepencilisgreen.我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。3) 用在序数词前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物thesun太阳themoon月亮theearth地球thesky天空theworld世界5) 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加theplaythepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴零冠词的用法1) 专有名词前一般不加冠词Tom汤姆China中国Europe欧洲2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节NationalDay国庆节MayDay劳动节比较：.onaSundaymorning.在一个星期天的早晨.(表示某一个。)3) 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词Ihavelunchatschool.我在学校吃午餐。4) 球类运动不加冠词playbasketball打篮球playvolleyball打排球playfootball踢足球时态概说在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的不同形式称为时态。Iam14thisyear.今年我14岁。Iwas13lastyear.去年我13岁。Heplayssoccereveryday.他每天都踢足球。Heplayedsocceryesterday.昨天他踢足球了。英语中共有16种时态，常用的有9种。一般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：Heis12.Sheisathome.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，如：Igotoschoolat7:30everyday.表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：Shelikesapples.TheyknowEnglish.动词的种类动词分为四种：连系动词,实义动词,助动词,情态动词1) 连系动词：词义不完全，要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。如be(am,isare)是，sound听起来，look看起来Sheismysister.Thatsoundsinteresting.听起来很有趣。2) 实义动词，有实际意义的动词，能单独做谓语。如see,ask,likeIlikebananas.3) 助动词：本身没有词义，帮助实义动词一起构成否定句，疑问句。如do，doesIdontlikechicken.Doeshelikeapples?4）情态动词；本身具有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。can,能，会，must，必须，情态动词后一定要用动词原形。IcanspeakEnglish.Imustfindit.我一定要找到它动词be的用法be的用法口诀我用am,你用are,is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。Be动词专项练习用am,is,are填空：1. Iastudent.youastudent?No,Inot.2. ThegirlJackssister.3. Thedogtallandfat.4. Themanateacher.5. yourbrotherintheclassroom?6. Whereyourmother?Sheathome.7. Howyourfather?8. JaneandTommyfriends9. Wheremypen?10. Wheremybooks?11. Thatmyredskirt.12. WhoI?13. Thejeansonthedesk.14. Hereaphotoofmyfamily.15. Heresomesweatersforyou.16. TheblackbookforSuYang.17. Thispairofsocks20dollars.18. Thetwocupsofmilkforme.19. Someteaintheglass.20. Howmuchtheskirt?21Howmuchthetrousers?22. MysistersnameNancy.23. DavidandHelenfromEngland?24. Thereagirlintheroom.25. You,heandIfromChina.句型转换的方法一. 肯定句变否定句1. 句子中有be,在be后加not。)Iamastudent.fIamnotastudent.2) Theyareblue.fTheyarentblue.3) HeisTom.fHeisntTom2. 谓语是动词原形，在动词前加dont。)Ihaveabook.fIdonthaveabook.2) TheylikeChinese.fTheydontlikeChinese.3) WecomefromChina.fWedontcomefromChina.3谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesnt，动词用原形。1) Shehasabasketball.fShedoesnthaveabasketball2) MarialikesChina.fMariadoesntlikeChina.3) JanecomesfromtheU.S.A.fJanedoesntcomefromtheU.S.A.练习：将下列句子变成否定句。1. Iamateacher.fIateacher.2. Wearestudents.fWestudents.3. Janeisagirl.fJaneagirl.4. TheylikeEnglish.fTheylikeChinese5. IcomefromChina.fIcomefromChina.6. HelikesChinese.fHelikeChinese.7. MariacomesfromCuba.fMariacomefromCuba.8. WeknowMaria.fWeknowMaria二. 肯定句变一般疑问句句子中有be,把be提到句首1) Iamastudent.fAreyouastudent?2) Theyareblue.fAretheyblue?3) HeisTom.fIsheTom?2. 谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。1) .Ihaveabook.fDoyouhaveabook?2) TheylikeChinese.fDotheylikeChinese?3) WecomefromChina.fDoyoucomefromChina?3谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。1) Shehasabasketball.fDoesshehaveabasketball?2) MarialikesChina.fDoesMarialikeChina?3) JanecomesfromtheU.S.A.fDoesJanecomefromtheU.S.A?4) SheknowsMaria.fDoessheknowMaria?练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。1. Iamateacher.ateacher?2. Theyarestudents.students?3. Janeisagirl.agirl?4. TheylikeEnglish.theylikeEnglish?5. IcomefromChina.youcomefromChina?6. HelikesChinese.heChinese?7. MariacomesfromAmerica.MariafromAmerica?8. WespeakChinese.youChinese?三. 一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答1. AreyouMaria?肯定回答：Yes,Iam.否定回答：No,Imnot.2. 问句和答语的动词保持一致.1) Areyouastudent?肯:Yes,Iam.否：No,Imnot.2) IsheJack?肯：.否：3) DotheylikeChinese?肯：.否：.4) Doesshehaveabasketball?肯：.否：.3. 问句和答语中的主语保持一致。(必须用主格)1) IsJanefromtheU.S.A?肯:Yes,sheis.否:No,sheisnt.2) DoesLiHuacomefromChina?肯：.否：.3) DoJaneandMarialikeChina?肯：.否：.4) Isthisaruler?肯：.否：.5) Isthatadesk?肯：.否：.6) Arethesebooks?肯：.否：.7) Arethosepencils?肯：.否：.8) Aretheseerasers?肯：.否：.9) Isthatanorange?肯：.否：.练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1. Areyouastudent?Yes,.No,.2. DotheylikeEnglish?Yes,.No,.3. IsJaneagirl?Yes,.No,.4. DoesMarialikeChina?Yes,.No,.5. IsJennyastudent?Yes,No,.6. Isthatagirl?Yes,No,.7. Arethosetelephones?Yes,No,.8. DoesTomknowJane?Yes,No,.9. DotheycomefromtheU.S.A?Yes,No,.10. Isthisanegg?Yes,No,四. 对划线部分提问.口诀：一选二变三问号:一选是分析句意，先选疑问词，代替划线部分（划线部分去掉），二变是把剩余部分变成般疑问句（疑问词作主语时除外），第三步加上问号。练习：对划线部分提问1. Theshoesareblack2. Sheismyteacher.3Mykeysareonthesofa.4. Lilyisintheclassroom.5.1 amfine.6.ThatboyisTom.10. Hertelephonenumberis88828539.11. Theskirtis12dollars12. Sheis12yearsold.13. HisnameisJimGreen.14. MybirthdayisonDecember,241. MynameisNancy.yourname?2.1 amfromChina.youfrom?3.1 amfine.areyou?4. Miss.WangisourEnglishteacher.isyourEnglishteacher?5. Lucyistenyearsold.areyou?6. Itisyellow.isit?7. Mytelephonenumberis58