2022年考博英语-电子科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The（ ）from Africas booming oil sales rarely reaches the people who live where the oil is produced.问题1选项A.currencyB.revenueC.tariffD.exchange【答案】B【解析】句意:非洲蓬勃发展的石油销售收入很少到达在石油生产地生活的人的手中。考查名词辨析。Currency通货,货币,通用,流行; revenue财政收入,税收收入,收益; tariff关税,(旅馆、饭店或服务公司的)价目表,收费表; exchange交流,兑换。因此B符合句意。2. 单选题（ ）the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.问题1选项A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For【答案】C【解析】句意:既然考试的压力结朿了，因此我们都能放松下了。考查短语辨析。while 虽然，然而，当的时候;even though 虽然，即使；now that 既然，由于;for 为了，对于，适合于;因为（这个词在表示原因时一般不放在句首）。分析句意可知前后句子为因果关系。故C符合句意。3. 单选题Passengers have to pay（ ）charges for their extra language.问题1选项A.additionalB.confidentialC.respectiveD.sufficient【答案】A【解析】句意:乘客不得不为自己额外的行李支付额外的费用。考查形容词辨析。Additional 附加的,额外的,外加的; confidential机密的,保密的,秘密的; respective分别的,各自的; sufficient足够的,充足的。故A符合句意。4. 单选题The couple has donated a not（ ）amount of money to the foundation.问题1选项A.inconsiderableB.inconsiderateC.inaccurateD.incomparable【答案】A【解析】句意:这对夫妇为这个基金会己经捐献了不少钱。考查形容词辨析。inconsiderable 小的,不値得考虑的,微不足道的；inconsiderate 轻率的,不顾别人的;inaccurate不精确的,不准确的； incomparable 无可匹敌的,不能比较的。故A符合句意。5. 单选题So far, the government of that country lias done（ ）nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.问题1选项A.perceptiblyB.vitallyC.practicallyD.identically【答案】C【解析】句意:到目前为止，那个国家的政府事实上没有做任何事情去应对核事故胁。考查副词辨析。perceptibly显然地，看得出地；vitally 紧要地，生死攸关地；practically 几乎，事实上；identically 同一地，相等地。因此C符合句意。6. 单选题The remarkable（ ）of life on the Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.问题1选项A.classificationB.variationC.varietyD.modification【答案】C【解析】句意:加拉帕戈斯群岛的不同寻常的生物多样性激发了达尔文创立进化论的灵感。考查名词辨析。classification归类，分级，类别；variation （数量，水平等）变化，变更，变奏；variety 多样性，种类；modification 修改，改进，改变。故选C。7. 单选题African-American women poets also（ ）to the literary achievement of the Harlem Renaissance, particularly in their articulation of race, class and gender issues.问题1选项A.contributedB.approachedC.adaptedD.elevated【答案】A【解析】句意:非裔美国女性诗人也对哈莱姆文艺复兴吋期的文学成就做出了贡献，尤其是她们在种族、阶级和性别问题上的表达。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。contribute贡献，出力，投稿，捐献；approach接近，着手处理； adapt使适应，改编；elevate提升，维起，振奋情绪等。8. 单选题The mailman should be here（ ）; in fact, lie should be here in about five minutes.问题1选项A.retrospectivelyB.previouslyC.currentlyD.presently【答案】D【解析】句意:这个邮差应该一会儿就到这里了；事实上，他应该是在5分钟后到这里。考查副词辨析。retrospectively 回顾地；previously 以前，预先，仓促地；currently 当前，现在；presently 回前，一会儿，不久。根据后半句句意可知D符合句意。9. 单选题The young womans heart revolted against so（ ）a charge, and when she saw that she could attempt to do nothing to save her protector, she wept bitterly.问题1选项A.blessedB.monstrousC.heinousD.grievous【答案】C【解析】句意:年轻的夫人坚决地抗议这种污蔑。当她发现自己无力拯救保护人吋，便痛苦地哭泣起来。考查形容词辨析。blessed 幸福的，受祝福的，神圣的;monstrous巨大的，怪异的；heinous极恶毒的，道德败坏的，可恨的；grievous 痛苦的，剧烈的。因此C符合句意。10. 单选题As the climate in the Middle East changed beginning around 7000 B. C” conditions emerged that led to a more complex and advanced form of civilization in both Egypt and of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Mesopotamia became drier, producing river-side lands that were both habitable and fertile, and attracting settlers armed with the newly developed technique of agriculture. This migration was further encouraged by the gradual transformation of the once-hospitable grasslands of these regions into deserts. Human population became increasingly concentrated into pockets of settlement scattered along the banks of the great rivers.The rivers profoundly shaped the way of life along their banks. In Mesopotamia, the management of water in conditions of unpredictable drought, flood, and storm became the central economic and social challenge. Villagers began early to build simple earthworks, dikes, canals, and ditches to control the waters and reduce the opposing dangers of drought during the dry season (usually the spring) and flooding at the harvest time.Such efforts required a degree of cooperation among a large number of people that had not previously existed. The individual village, containing only a dozen or so houses and families, was economically vulnerable; but when several villages, probably under the directions of a council of elders, learned to share their human resources in the building of coordinated network of water-control systems, the safety, stability, and prosperity of all improved. In this new cooperation, the seeds of the great Mesopotamian civilizations were being sown.Technological and mathematical invention, too, were stimulated by life along the rivers. New devices were first developed here for use in irrigation systems. Similarly, the earliest methods of measurement and computation