2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题_for a long time, the fields are all dried up.问题1选项A.There has been no rainB.Having no rainC.There having been no rainD.There being no rain【答案】C【解析】考查句子结构。由句子结构可知，there be句型在此处作独立结构。A选项there be句型与后半句之间缺少连接词；B选项Having no rain逻辑关系不正确；C选项和D选项都属于独立主格结构，但使用完成时更能表现因很久未下雨而导致的结果；因此，正确答案是C项。句意：因为长时间没有下雨，地里干枯得很厉害。2. 单选题Linda was_the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.问题1选项A.to startB.to have startedC.to be startingD.to have been starting【答案】B【解析】考查过去将来完成时。be to do表示按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事，其完成时的形式为be+to+have+done。根据was与changed可知动作发生在过去，“start”这个动作发生在“changed”的之前，故用过去将来完成时，因此选B。句意：琳达本打算一个月前开始做这个实验，但她在最后一刻改变了主意。3. 单选题If the world is to remain peaceful, the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local _.问题1选项A.collisionsB.combatsC.contradictionsD.conflicts【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项collision“冲突，碰撞”，指物理上的碰撞；B选项combat“格斗，搏斗”；C选项contradiction“矛盾，冲突”，指观点上的冲突；D选项conflict“(武装)斗争，冲突”。根据If the world is to remain peaceful可知D选项符合语义。句意：如果世界要保持和平，各国必须尽最大努力限制地方冲突。4. 翻译题Translate the following passage into Chinese.Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separated, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times. Books influence each other; they link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families. Wherever you start reading you connect yourself with one of the families of ideas, and in the long run, you not only find out about the world and the people in it; you find out about yourself, too.Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on a book that means something to you, and relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you wont have suffered during the process.【答案】每本书彼此独立，就像一个个独户住宅，而图书馆里的藏书就好像城市里的千家万户。尽管它们相互独立，但只有互相联系才有意义，家家户户彼此相连，城市与城市彼此相依。相同或相似的思想在不同地方涌现。在生活中重复出现的问题也会在文学作品反复出现，但因时代与作品的差异，解决对策也会有所不同。书籍之间也会互相影响，它们联系着过去、现在和将来，并且如同家庭一样也会世代延续。无论从哪里开始阅读，你都会将自己和一个家族的思想联系在一起，长远来看，你不仅能发现这个世界和里面的人，也能在其中发现自我。阅读只有在你期望它有趣时才会真的有趣。如果你专注于一本对你有特殊意义的书，并且乐在其中，那么你就会体验一段美妙的时光如果你因为阅读而变得更加善良、聪明、随和或是优雅，那么你就会享受阅读的过程。5. 单选题The automatic doors in supermarkets_the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts.问题1选项A.furnishB.induceC.facilitateD.allocate【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项furnish“布置家具，提供”；B选项induce“引诱”；C选项facilitate“促进，促使，使便利”；D选项allocate“分配，分派”。根据automatic doors可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：超市的自动门方便购物车顾客进出。6. 单选题British scientists find that the nesting habits of 20 species of birds with the warming trend of the earths atmosphere.问题1选项A.conflictB.coincideC.adaptD.approve【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项conflict v.冲突，矛盾，斗争；B选项coincide v.致，符合，同时发生；C选项adapt v.适应于；D选项approve v.批准，赞成，满意。根据句意可知，英国科学家发现二十种鸟类的筑巢习惯与地球大气的温度上升趋势一致。因此，B项符合题意。7. 单选题The director gave me his _that he would double my pay if I did my job well.问题1选项A.warrantB.obligationC.assuranceD.certainty【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项warrant“许可证，授权证”；B选项obligation“责任，义务”；C选项assurance“保证，担保”；D选项certainty“确实的事，必然的事”。句意：主任向我保证，如果我把工作做好，他会给我双倍的工资。8. 单选题The lawyer promised to go to great to defend him.问题1选项A.lengthsB.measuresC.effortsD.endeavors【答案】A【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项lengths n.长度（指距离，时间）；B选项measures n.方法，对策；C选项efforts n.努力；D选项endeavor n.努力，尽力。go to great lengths 表示“竭尽全力；不遗余力”，因此，正确答案是A项。句意：律师向他保证会竭尽全力为他辩护。9. 单选题Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment_ .问题1选项A.which they are happeningB.they are happeningC.which they happenD.they have happened【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。A选项和C选项中which 均指代不清；B选项和C选项都为省略关系副词when的定语从句。B选项为现在进行时，表示事情正在发生， D选项they have happened完成时态用法错误。因此，本题正确答案为 B。10. 单选题One of the attractive features of the training was the way the practical work had been_ into the learning process.问题1选项A.adjustedB.alternatedC.incorporatedD.combined【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adjust“适应，调整”；B选项alternate“交替，轮流”；C选项incorporate“将包括在内，包含，吸收”；D选项combine“使结合”。根据practical work与into the learning process可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：该培训吸引人的一个特点是将实践工作纳入到学习过程的方式。11. 单选题The judge rebuked the police for their treatment of the prisoner.问题1选项A.defendedB.reprovedC.approvedD.ratified【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项defended v.辩护，防护，保卫；B选项reproved v.责骂，谴责，刁难；C选项approved v.批准，赞成，审核；D选项ratified v.批准，认可。根据题意法官指责了警官对待犯人的方式可知，B项符合题意。