宾语从句适用学科英语适用年级适用区域江苏译林牛津版教材课时时长（分钟）1课时/60分钟知识点宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态教学目标知识：1、掌握宾语从句的时态及语序。2、掌握宾语从句的常见引导词。3、掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则。方法：要牢记宾语从句的语序即时态变化规则，并能灵活使用。水平：1、能根据时态变化规则准确地判断宾语从句的时态。2、能通过语境及句子成分的分析，准确地判断出宾语从句的引导词。教学重点1、宾语从句的常见引导词，如：what, which, who, where, how等。2、宾语从句的时态变化规则3、宾语从句的语序教学难点1、宾语从句的时态及引导词的准确使用2、宾语从句的常见考点及易错点教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学的人称物主代词，不定代词和疑问代词的用法， （以提问、回顾的形式实行），针对上节课的作业实行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对疑问代词具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的宾语从句。二、知识讲解知识点1：宾语从句的连接词的用法在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有：that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why等。1. 【考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导。在口语中that常被省略。如：I know(that) you are a student.2. 【考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether来引导。 if, whether意为“是否”，whether还能够与or not连用。如：Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜欢这个手提袋。3. 【考查点】宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。如：He didnt tell me where he was going. 他没告诉我他想去哪儿。 Can you tell me what he said just now？ 你能告诉我他刚才说什么吗？知识点2：宾语从句的语序1. 陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变。如： She said, “ I will leave a message on the desk.” 她说她会在桌上留口信的。 She said that she would leave a message on the desk.2.【考查点】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述句语序。如：“Where are the tickets？” I asked him. 我问他票在哪儿。 I asked him where the tickets were.注意：宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表：直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后 第一人称 与主句的主语一致 第二人称 与主句的宾语一致 第三人称 不变 知识点3：宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，宾语从句的时态不受限制，能够根据实际表达的需要来确定。如：Could you tell me what he said at the meeting？ 你能告诉我他在会上说什么。 He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself. 他会告诉我们他已经能告诉他自己。 Tell him when we will finish our work. 告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。2.【考查点】如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句应与主句保持一致，用过去的某种时态。如：He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996. 他说他1996年出生于温州。 They said that they had already seen the film. 他们说他们已经看过这部电影了。3.【易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句限制，用一般现在时。如： Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year. 大家都知道一年有365天。 She said that two heads are better than one. 她说三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。 He said that the sun rises in the east. 她说太阳从东边升起。知识点4：宾语从句的否定前移【考查点】 在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等时，如果主句为I 或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等前。如：I dont suppose he will come. 我猜他不会来。注意：如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：She thinks she cant arrive there on time. 她认为她不能按时到那儿。知识点5：宾语从句的简化1.【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。2. 【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时，句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如： I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。3.【考查点】当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：Mr Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall. Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall. 胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。 Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？ Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？三、例题精析【例题1】Could you tell me _ at the meeting? Sorry, I dont know. I didnt go to the meeting that day. A. what does he say B. what he says C. what he said D. what did he say 【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序即时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，故排除A和D；下文：didnt go.that day判断时态应是一般过去时。故选C。【例题2】 Could you tell me _ last night? Er, I was watching TV at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序即时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，且last night“昨晚” 表达过去时间。故选A。【例题3】Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know _Tom will come and join us. A. if B. which C. what D. where 【答案】：A【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据句意“我们明天要去植树，我不知道汤姆是否会来参加。”判断连接词为是否。if意为“是否”。故选A。【例题4】Could you please tell me _？Sorry, you can turn to Mr. Lee for help. A. how long can man live without water B. whether Yao Ming would play for Rockets or not C. how I can keep myself safe from the flu D. why did a serious landslide happen in Zhouqu, Gansu Province 【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序即时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，排除A和D；Could you please.用来表示语气委婉，并非表示过去时，所以从句的时态不必用过去将来时，排除B。故选C。四、课堂使用【基础】1- Could you tell us how long _? - About three days. A. does the sports meeting last B. the sports meeting last C. will the sports meeting last D. the sports meeting will last2I want to know_, A. what is his name B whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 3Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.A. that B. how C. such D. so 4I wonder _ they will come here with tomorrow. A. whether B. when C. who D. how 【巩固】5-Could you tell me _? -Im not sure. A. how many people have been out of hospital