2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The presidential candidate（ ） his position by winning several primary elections.问题1选项A.consolidatedB.intensifiedC.enforcedD.enriched【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。consolidate “巩固；intensify “使加强”；enforce “实施”；enrich “使充实”。句意：这位总统候选人赢得了最初的机场选举从而巩固了自己的地位。2. 单选题The（ ） on this apartment expires in a years time.问题1选项A.treatyB.engagementC.leaseD.subsidy【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。treaty “条约”；engagement “约会；婚约”；lease “租约”；subsidy “津贴”。句意：这个公寓的租期一年后到期。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题No one needs to feel awkward in （ ）his own customs.问题1选项A.pursuingB.followingC.chasingD.seeking【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。pursue “追求”；follow “追随”；chase “追逐”；seek “寻求”。句意：没有人需要因为追随自己的习俗而感到尴尬。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题There are several landladies approved by the university who take in （ ）.问题1选项A.settlersB.lodgersC.residentsD.inhabitants【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Settler “移居者”；lodger “房客”；resident “居民”；inhabitant “居民”。句意：大学批准了几位女房东接受房客。选项B符合题意。5. 单选题There is no easy solution to Japans labor（ ） .问题1选项A.declineB.vacancyC.rarityD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。decline “下降”；vacancy “空缺，空白”；rarity “罕见；珍品”；shortage “缺少”。句意：日本劳动力不足的问题很难解决。选项D符合题意。6. 单选题Some people think that a（ ） translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than afree translation.问题1选项A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。literal “照原文的，逐字的”；literary “文学的”；liberal “自由的”；linear “直线的”。句意：一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题The New Testament was not only written in the Greek language, but ideas derived from Greek philosophy were （ ） in many parts of it.问题1选项A.criticizedB.incorporatedC.summonedD.translated【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。criticize “批评”；incorporate “包含；合并”；summon “召唤，召集”；translate “翻译，转化”。句意：新约不仅是用希腊文写的，而且它其中许多部分吸收了源于希腊哲学的思想。选项B符合题意。8. 单选题Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”一 physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, usedthat a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print， but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, peoples aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One more important part of musics material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic mediaradio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information-revolution”, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.1.Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because （ ）.2.It can be learned from this passage that （ ）.3.According to the author, music notation is important because（ ）4.It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into theworld of music （ ）5.Which of the following