Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism一. 教学内容：Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism. Lesson 4二. 重点、难点： 语法Lesson 4 Revise and improve Infinitives &GerundsInfinitive or Gerund: I like swimming. I like to swim.Gerund only: I enjoy swimming.Infinitive only: I want to go.Lets take a look:With some verbs, we use the verb+ an infinitive.afford, expect, refuse, agree, hope, plan, seem, appear, learn pretend, want, decidemanage, promiseI promise to give the book back to you.I want to watch a movie. With some verbs, we use the verb +a gerund.admit, finish, give up, avoid, consider, mind, delay, postpone, suggest, enjoy, put off, denyHave you finished doing your homework?I enjoy walking in the rain.Some verbs can take either an infinitive or a gerundbegin, hate, love, like, start: There is no difference in meaning between the infinitive and gerund forms.forget, regret, remember, stop, try: There is a difference in meaning between the infinitive and gerund forms.I forgot going to their house. (I went there, but I forgot about it.)I forgot to go to the office. (I was supposed to go there, but I didnt because I forgot.)Now you try: 1. He cant afford _a computer. (buy) 2. It stopped _a few minutes ago. (rain) 3. Dont forget _your grandfather! (call) 4. Did you finish _your homework yet? (do) 5. I hope _a good grade in English. (get) 6. I decided _her for help. (ask) 7. It isnt easy to give up _chocolate. (eat)A Work by YourselfComplete the sentences using infinitives or gerunds. 1. Write down three activities that you like.I like _. 2. Write down three activities that you dont enjoy. I dislike _. 3. What do you think people should stop doing? I think people should stop _.WORD BANKVerbs take an infinitive:afford expect refuse agree plan seem appear learn pretendwant decideVerbs take a gerund:admit finish give up avoid consider mind delay postponesuggest enjoyB Work in PairsInterview your partner with the following questions: If you study at night, what time do you usually finish?What activity do you like?What do your parents want?What activity do you really hate?What do you want to give up?What was the last thing you promised?Whats your big hope for next year?What things does your teacher expect?Is there something you should quit?Now, write down your partners replies in your notebook. Remember to use the correct form after the verb!My partner said he/ she usually finishes studying at _. He/ She likes _. He/ She hates _.C Work as a GroupRead your partners answer, and listen as other group members read their partners. Ask questions!三. 具体内容：Listen and Speak Conversations in ContextA Exchange the underlined expressions with the new ones on the right. Practice the dialogue with your partner.A: Welcome to our store. May I help you?B: Yes, please. Id like to buy some tea.A: What kind of tea would you like?B: Im not really sure. What do you recommend?I want to find some nice tea.I hope I can buy some nice tea.Which ones are the most popular?Can you recommend some good Chinese teas?B Practice the dialogue with your partner. Change the dialogue around each time.A: Can I help you?B: Yes. Id like to buy a pair of jeans for my friend.A: OK. What size does your friend wear?B: Size 28, I think.A: What do you think of these?B: They look nice. How much are they?A: Theyre $24.99.B: OK. Ill take them. Could you gift-wrap them please?A: Of course.a pair of shoes for my father size 11-$19.50a shirt for my cousin medium -$9.99a pair of socks for my friend size 7 or 8- $3.00a T-shirt for my friend large -$5.49a coat for my mother small -$39.99How do you like these?Do you like these?What do they cost?What price are they?【典型例题】 1. She is welcome _ here whenever she likes. A. to stay B. stay C. staying解析：选A。welcome 是不及物动词，但不可以说welcome sb. to do sth. 或welcome sb. to some place. 2. There was_ time _ I liked to drink tea. A. a, that B. a, when C. the, that 解析：选B。“There was a time when”这个句式表示“曾经有一段时间” 3. Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?Yes. They have better players, so I _ them to win. A. hope B. expect C. prefer 解析：选B。hope后不能带由不定式作宾补的复合宾语，即不能说hope sb. to do sth. ；expect 是“期待”的意思，prefer sb. to do“宁愿某人做某事”的意思。 4. I mus