2022年考博英语-湖北省联考考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题A friendship may be（ ）, casual, situational or deep and lasting.问题1选项A.identicalB.originalC.superficialD.critical【答案】C【解析】根据句意可知, 填空处的内容应该与or后面意思相反且与casual, situational意思相近。句意:友谊可以是浅薄的、随意的、场合性的, 也可以是深刻的、持久的。只有选项C符合语境。2. 单选题She has but a faint （ ）of dialectical materialism.问题1选项A.sacrificeB.reactionC.notionD.clue【答案】C【解析】sacrifice牺牲；reaction反应；notion概念；clue线索。句意:她对辩证唯物主义只有一个模糊的概念。选项C符合语境。3. 翻译题Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese on the ANSWER SHEET.Two years ago, the United Nations warned that a disease called “Panama could destroy” much of the worlds banana crop. Since then, things have not gotten better. A new outbreak was discovered last year in Australia. The disease started in Asia in the 1990s, and later spread to Africa and the Middle East.World health officials worry the disease could travel to Latin America, one of the top banana producers in the world.(41) The Panama disease is a big concern because bananas are an important source of income and nutrients for millions of people. They are grown in 135 tropical nations. The United Nations lists bananas as one of the most important foods, along with rice, wheat and corn. Bananas also contain a chemical which it says makes people feel happy.Randy Ploetz, a professor at the University of Florida, is considered by many as Americas top banana expert, or, “top banana.” As he explained Panama disease affects the Cavendish banana, which is the most popular among more than 500 kinds of bananas.“The industry is waking up to the problem,” Ploetz said Thursday by telephone from Miami, Florida, where he was attending the International Banana Congress.The meeting was supposed to take place in Costa Rica, but was moved at the last minute. There were concerns banana growers could spread Panama disease from dirt collected on their shoes. Ploetz said.(42) Ploetz(普罗慈) said if the disease spreads to Latin America, it could hurt the worlds economy along with food supplies for millions of people. Still, he said there is reason for hope. Scientists in Australia are working on a genetically engineered banana that might not be at risk of getting Panama disease. But he wondered if people are ready to accept genetically engineered bananas.Robert Bertram is chief scientist for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). He said bananas are important to many millions of people all over the world. “In Africa, Asia and tropical America, bananas are an important food source for more than 100 million people, he told VOA.” As a cash crop, bananas are sold in local, regional and international markets,” Bertram said. Banana exports provide jobs and foreign money that producing countries need, he said.Bertram said USAID is organizing a worldwide effort to resist Panama disease. A fungus, known as TR4, causes the Panama disease. Before 2013 Bertram said, it was limited to Asia. Since then, it spread to the Middle East and to Africa. In the 1960s, the same fungus wiped out the Gros Michel, banana crop, which at the time was the worlds most popular. The Cavendish replaced it.(43) At Wageningen (瓦赫宁根) University in the Netherlands, researchers are looking for Cavendish(卡文迪什) replacements. Their work is difficult. Researchers said the replacements will have to resist Panama disease, and survive the shipping time needed to get bananas to stores thousands of miles away from banana fields. And they will have to taste good.【答案】41.【参考译文】香蕉作为一项重大收入来源，同时又是数百万人的营养供给源，因此巴拿马病毒成为当前的一个大问题。全球盛产香蕉的国家有135个。联合国将香蕉，水稻，小麦和玉米列为最重要的作物。香蕉还富含一种能使人感到愉悦的化学物质。42.【参考译文】普罗慈说如果疾病扩散至拉丁美洲，它将威胁到世界经济以及数百万人的食品供应。他说，目前仍有挽救的余地。澳大利亚科学家们正研究可抵御巴拿马疾病的转基因香蕉，但是普罗慈认为人们是否能接受转基因香蕉仍然是一个问题。43.【参考译文】荷兰瓦赫宁根大学的研究人员正在寻找取代卡文迪什香蕉的新品种，这是一项艰巨的工作。研究人员表示，新品种香蕉需抵抗巴拿马疾病并能经得起长时间运输。因为香蕉需运输到几千公里外的市场。当然，得尝起来美味。4. 单选题Meeting new people widened the young mans（ ） .问题1选项A.joysB.horizonsC.rangeD.vicinities【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知, 这里指开阔眼界。widen horizons符合句意, 选项B正确。5. 单选题After the music had（ ）there was a storm of applause.问题1选项A.died outB.died hardC.died offD.died away【答案】D【解析】die out灭绝，消失；die hard难改掉，难断气；die off相继死去，逐个死亡；died away减弱，消失。根据句意，这里指音乐减弱直至消失，所以选项D符合句意。6. 单选题Many people believe that the family is the （ ）of the community.问题1选项A.nucleusB.latitudeC.swampD.destiny【答案】A【解析】nucleus核心；latitude纬度, 界限；swamp沼泽, 湿地；destiny命运, 定数。句意:许多人认为家庭是社区的核心。选项A符合句意。7. 单选题The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a(an)（1） for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way,it （2） a variety of functions in human life.The time spent in front of the telev