2022年考博英语-南昌大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题_ I admit that there are problems, I dont think that they cannot be solved.问题1选项A.WhileB.UnlessC.AsD.Since【答案】A【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：尽管我承认有问题，但我不认为它们不可解决。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题In order to repair barns, build fence, grow crop and care for animals, a farmer must indeed be _.问题1选项A.restlessB.ceaselessC.availableD.versatile【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。restless “焦躁不安的”；ceaseless “不断的”；available “可获得的”；versatile “多才多艺的”。句意：为了修复谷仓，建造栅栏，种植作物和照顾动物，农民需要学会各种技能。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题It is found by scientists that the disease that causes cold can be by air and by close contact.问题1选项A.transmittedB.infectedC.transformedD.transferred【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Transmit “传输”；infect “感染，传染”；transform “改变，变形”；transfer “转让”。句意：科学家发现，引起感冒的疾病可以通过空气和密切接触传染。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题_ all our kindness to help her; Sara refused to listen.问题1选项A.AtB.InC.ForD.On【答案】D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。at “在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置等）”；in “在内”；for “对；为了”；on “在之上；对于，关于”。句意：对于我们的友好帮助，萨拉拒绝了。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题Undergraduate students have no to the rare books in the school library.问题1选项A.accessB.entranceC.opportunityD.path【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。access to “接近，有权使用”。句意：本科生无法去图书馆使用里面的珍贵书籍。选项A符合题意。6. 单选题TBA Industrial Products produces asbestos (石棉) textiles for brake linings. The company is just instituting a programme to reduce the asbestos in the air at the plant to a maximum 0.5 fibers per milliliter of airthe control limit imposed by the Health and Safety Executive irresponsible. With constant exposure to that level, according to a report by an Ontario Royal Commission, between one and four out of 100 people working for 25 years could expect to die of a asbestos-related cancer. Yet David Gee, health and safety officer of the General, Municipal and Boiler-makers Union, accepts that the company should go no lower. Why?Problem number one is assessing the risk and the difference that proposed safety measures would make to it. There are three basic categories, to which the HSEs policy-makers workin the jargon, corpses, cancers and catastrophes.“Corpses” are the victims of one-off accidents. A wealth of evidence on such accidents exists, and the effects of measures to combat them are easily calculated.“Cancers”, the killer diseases that can arise from working long periods in unsafe environments, are harder to assess. The diseases may not appear until years after the process was first initiated, and the relationship between cause and effect is often controversial.Assessing the potential for “catastrophes” -like Bhopal, Seveso or Flixborough_ in which tens of thousands of people can be affected is harder still. Such events are exceedingly rare so they cannot be predicted on the basis of past experience. Instead engineering experts think of everything that could go wrongand of the things that could go wrong with the precautions. The probability of an accident is then expressed in terms of the number of likely catastrophes per 10,000 years, usually a fraction of one. This process yields an estimate of the risk of loss of life for each plant or process. The next stage is to put a money value on it.The classic economists calculation uses what is called the “human capital” approach. The dead person is valued as a machine who would otherwise have produced goods.This callous calculus made no allowance for what most people would regard as the main cost of a lost life-the pain, grief and suffering. That has now changed, thanks to work by Professor Michael Jones-Lee and his colleagues at Newcastle University. They asked members of the public what risks they would be prepared to run for what overall rewards. This process yields estimates of the subjective value of lives. The answer seems to come out between lm and 2m.1. Why is TBA Industrial Products about to reduce asbestos levels in the air at their plant?2. “Cancers” are harder to assess than “corpses” because .3. What does the assessment of the potential for “catastrophes” rely on?4. The writer suggests that the “human capital” approach is .5. A typical question posed by Professor Jones-Lee and his colleagues would have been:问题1选项A.To comply with a report by the Ontario Royal CommissionB.Because the Union is demanding stricter safety measuresC.Because present levels are above those set by the HSED.To improve the quality of their brake linings问题2选项A.the safety measures employed vary a great dealB.Tthere are far more of themC.Tthe wealth of evidence has not yet been analyzedD.Iit is difficult to trace the cause of some diseases问题3选项A.An analysis of a few past disasters.B.Mathematical probability calculations.C.A comparison of “cancers” and “corpses”.D.Reports of a companys capital.问题4选项A.unreliable and risky