2022年考博英语-西南林业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Cambridge University was easily _, and he returned there to begin his major research activities.问题1选项A.accessibleB.attributableC.attainableD.attachable【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 accessible “易接近的；可进入的；可理解的”；B选项 attributable “可归于的；可归属的”；C选项 attainable “可得到的；可达到的；可到达的”；D选项 attachable “可附上的；可连接的；可逮捕的；可没收的”。句意：剑桥大学很容易进入，他回到那里开始了他的主要研究活动。根据句意可知A选项正确。2. 单选题Mr. Obama is the first president since Richard M. Nixon to be _ and elected while living in a city neighborhood.问题1选项A.appointedB.nominatedC.representedD.positioned【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项 appointed“任命；约定；命令；受权处置的”；B选项 nominated“提名为候选人；任命的”；C选项 represented“代表；表现；描写”；D选项 positioned “放置；确定的位置”。句意：奥巴马是自理查德M尼克松（Richard M. Nixon）以来，第一位居住在城市社区并被提名和选举的总统。根据句意，C项以及D项都可排除，A项appointed的意思是“任命；委任”，指不经过选择的官方委任，也可排除。B选项nominated通常指为某一公职的候选人，因此B选项正确。3. 单选题The subject of safety must be placed at the top of the _.问题1选项A.agendaB.bulletinC.routineD.timetable【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项agenda“议程；日常工作事项；日程表”；B选项bulletin“公告，公报”；C选项routine“常规，惯例；生活乏味；（演出中的）一套动作；（计算机）例行程序”；D选项timetable “时间表；时刻表；课程表”。句意：安全问题必须放在议程的首位。结合此处语境，A选项正确。4. 单选题The man had either to leave the country immediately or to surrender himself to the enemy and had no other choice.问题1选项A.alternativeB.hopeC.resourceD.approach【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项alternative“二中选一；供替代的选择 ”；B选项hope“希望”；C选项resource“资源”；D选项 approach“方式”。句意：这个人要么立即离开这个国家，要么向敌人投降，结合此处关键短语leave the country（离开这个国家）以及surrender himself to the enemy（向敌人投降），可推测他是在两者之间进行选择，由此得知A选项正确。5. 单选题Are we going to see an end to the Arab-Israeli disagreement?问题1选项A.disasterB.controversyC.confrontationD.aggression【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项 disaster“灾难；灾祸；不幸”；B选项controversy “辩论”；C选项confrontation“对抗；对峙”；D选项 aggression“侵略；侵犯；侵害”。句意：我们会看到阿拉伯和以色列的分歧结束吗。A选项 disaster（灾难）不能形容两个国家的分歧。B选项controversy（辩论），可以排除。D选项aggression（侵犯），这里并没有体现两个国家的侵略。C选项confrontation（对峙）最符合题意，由此得知C选项正确。6. 单选题McDonalds, Greggs, KFC and Subway are today named as the most littered brands in England as Keep Britain Tidy called on fast-food companies to do more to tackle customers who drop their wrappers and drinks cartons (盒子)in the streets.Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep Britain Tidy, 1 its new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it had investigated which brands made up “littered England” and the same names appeared again and again. “We condemn people for dropping this fast food litter in the first place but also believe the results have 2 messages for the fast food industry. McDonalds, Greggs, KFC and Subway need to do more to 3 littering by their customers.”He recognized efforts made by McDonalds, including placing litter bins and increasing litter patrols, but its litter 4 “all too prevalent”. All fast food chains should reduce unnecessary packaging, he addeD.Companies could also reduce prices for those who stayed to eat food on their premises, offer money-off vouchers or other 5 for those who returned packaging and put more bins at 6 points in local streets, not just outside their premises. A spokesman for McDonalds said: “We do our best. Obviously we ask all our customers to 7 of litter responsibly.” Trials of more extensive, all-day litter patrols were under 8 in Manchester and Birmingham. KFC said it took its 9 for litter management “very seriously”, and would introduce a program to reduce packaging on many products. Subway said that it worked hard to 10 the impact of litter on communities, but it was “still down to the individual customer to dispose of their litter responsibly”. Greggs said it recognized the “continuing challenge for us all”, despite having already taken measures to help tackle the issue.问题1选项A.releasingB.dischargingC.foundingD.launching问题2选项A.coherentB.pertinentC.consistentD.redundant问题3选项A.discourageB.forbidC.persuadeD.damage问题4选项A.continuedB.indicateC.remainedD.left问题5选项A.incentiveB.premisesC.stimulusD.proximity问题6选项A.convenientB.strategicC.nearD.eye-catching问题7选项A.proposeB.dissolveC.handleD.dispose问题8选项A.wayB.constructionC.pressureD.government问题9选项A.shoulderB.burdenC.turnD.responsibility问题10选项A.resolveB.dissolveC.minimizeD.dilute【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A第6题:B第7题:D第8题:A第9题:D第10题:C【解析】1.考查动词词义辨析。A选项 release “释放；放出；放走；放开；松开；使自由移动（或飞翔、降落等）；发泄；宣泄”；B选项 discharge “卸货；排出”；C选项 found “创办（组织）；建立（国家）；以为基础；熔化”；D选项 launching “发射；发动；开始从事”。根据上下文，以及关键字new Dirty Pig campaign“新的脏猪运动”判断出此处表达“发起运动”，D选项正确。2.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 coherent “连贯的，一致的；明了的；清晰的”；B选项 pertinent “相关的，相干的；中肯的；切题的”；C选项 consistent “始终如一的，一致的；坚持的”；D选项 redundant “多余的，过剩的；被解雇的，失业的；冗长的，累赘的”。根据上下文，以及关键字for the fast food i