Unit 4Global warming主题语境:人与自然环境保护Section Grammar课后篇巩固提升一、对画线部分进行强调1.He began his medical research after he got financial help.答案It was after he got financial help that he began his medical research.2.He didnt mention his own plan until the end of the letter.答案It was not until the end of the letter that he mentioned his own plan.3.Why didnt you attend the birthday party of your best friend?答案Why was it that you didnt attend the birthday party of your best friend?4.The culture,rather than the language,made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.答案It was the culture,rather than the language,that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.二、阅读理解Finding fish is going to get harder as climate change continues to heat the worlds oceans.A new study finds that warming seas over the past 80 years have reduced the sustainable catch of 124 species of fish and shellfish.A sustainable catch refers to the amount that can be harvested without doing long-term damage to the health of populations of some species.Overfishing has made that decline worse,researchers say.Overfishing refers to catching so many fish that the size of the population falls.In some parts of the world,such as the heavily fished Sea of Japan,the decrease is as high as 35 percent.Thats a loss of more than one in every three fish.Researchers examined changes in 235 populations of fish and shellfish between 1930 and 2010.Those fish populations spread far apart across 38 ocean regions.Temperature changes vary from one ocean site to another.But on average over that time,Earths sea-surface temperatures have risen by about half a degree Celsius.On average,that warming has caused the sustainable catch to drop by 4.1 percent,the study found.About 8 percent of the fish and shellfish populations the team studied saw losses as a result of the ocean warming.However,about 4 percent of some populations increased.Thats because certain species have thrived in warmer waters.One example is a kind of black sea fish.It lives along the northeastern L.S.coast.As warming continues,these fish will reproduce faster until they reach their limit.About 3.2 billion people worldwide rely on seafood as a source of food.That means its urgent for commercial fishing fleets and regulators to consider how climate change is affecting the health of all of those fish in the sea.1.What does the new study discover?A.Overfishing is to blame for fish health.B.Warming seas cause fewer fish and shellfish.C.Seafood matters to peoples health worldwide.D.The living regions of fish and shellfish are different.答案B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“A new study finds that warming seas over the past 80 years have reduced the sustainable catch of 124 species of fish and shellfish.”可知,新的研究发现,海水升温导致鱼类和水生有壳动物减少。故选B项。2.What does the underlined word “thrived” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Survived narrowly.B.Disappeared soon.C.Decreased sharply.D.Developed quickly.答案D解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“One example.As warming continues,these fish will reproduce faster until they reach their limit.”可知,随着升温继续,这些鱼将快速繁殖直到它们的极限,据此可推知,画线词的含义与“reproduce faster”相近,故选 D项。3.What do we know about species of fish and shellfish?A.About 8 percent of them suffered from a great loss.B.About 35 percent of them survived in the Sea of Japan.C.About 3.2 billion species have been saved up to now.D.About 80 species have died out because of warming seas.答案A解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“About 8 percent of the fish and shellfish populations the team studied saw losses as a result of the ocean warming.”可知,大约8%的鱼类和水生有壳动物数量上遭受了重大损失。故选A项。根据第二段第三句“In some parts.the decrease is as high as 35 percent.”可知,B项表述错误;根据第五段第一句“About 3.2 billion people worldwide rely on seafood as a source of food.”可知,C 项表述错误;文章没有提到D项所表述的内容。4.From which is the text probably taken?A.A cooking guide.B.A science magazine.C.A news review.D.A health brochure.答案B解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知,一项最新研究显示,随着海洋变暖,鱼类和水生有壳动物的数量正在减少。这在一定程度上影响了渔业的产量和这些生物的健康。由此可推知,本文属于科学类文章。故选B项。三、七选五阅读理解Like most people,your natural instinct (本能) is probably to help others when you can.1 Whether youre refusing an invitation to a party or turning down a new project at work,you can say no while still being respectful.Whatever the situation is,be clear,polite and firm when saying no.Express your thanks.2 If you have to turn someone down,express your thanks that they thought of you in the first place.You could say something like,“Thanks for considering me responsible enough to watch your kids.Im sorry that Im busy that evening.”Think before you speak.If you say no immediately,it might seem like you didnt even consider the request.In order to be respectful,take a moment to think about your answereven if you already know what it is going to be.3Give a clear answer.Saying no respectfully shows that youre honest and direct.4 If you cant help,say no.If someone is asking you