2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题（）regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.问题1选项A.Not receivedB.Since receivingC.Having receivedD.Not having received【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。题干中hardly常与否定搭配表示肯定，而且非谓语部分逻辑主语与句子主语一致。因此，根据句意和搭配可知，本题A项正确。句意：由于没有经过专门的护理培训，她起初很难适应工作。2. 单选题There is no doubt_the company has made the right decision on the sales project.问题1选项A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.when【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。doubt后面的that为同位语从句的引导词，修饰doubt。doubt引导的主从复合句中，用否定式时后面的引导词只能是that。相反如果doubt引导肯定意义的主从复合句中，引导词要用whether。句意：毫无疑问，公司对销售项目的决定是正确的。3. 单选题It is high time that you_the test paper and_it in.问题1选项A.finish, handB.finished, handedC.finished, to handD.have finished, handed【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。It is high time that sb. did sth.为固定句型，属于虚拟语气的一种，表示“是某人做某事的时候了” ，句中的and为并列连接词，因此都填动词的过去式，选B。句意：现在是你写完试卷交上来的时候了。4. 单选题In recent years, there has been a steady assault on salt from the doctors: salt is bad for you regardless of your health. Politicians also got on board. There is a direct relationship, US congressman Neal Smith noted, between the amount of sodium a person consumes and heart disease, circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death.Frightening, if true! But many doctors and medical researchers are now beginning to feel the salt scare has gone too far. “All this hue and cry about eating salt is unnecessary,” Dr. Dustan insists. “For most of us it probably doesnt make much difference how much salt we eat.” Dustans most recent short-term study of 150 people showed that those with normal blood pressure experienced no change at all when placed on an extremely low-salt diet, or later when salt was reintroduced. Of the hypertensive subjects, however, half of those on the low-salt diet did experience a drop in blood pressure, which returned to its previous level when salt was reintroduced.“An adequate to somewhat excessive salt intake has probably saved many more lives than it has cost in the general population,” notes Dr. John H. Laragh. “So a recommendation that the whole population should avoid salt makes no sense.”Medical experts agree that everyone should practice reasonable “moderation” in salt consumption. For the average person, a moderate amount might run from four to ten grams a day, or roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of a teaspoon. The equivalent of one to two grams of this sat allowance would come from the natural sodium in food. The rest would be added in processing, preparation or at the table.Those with kidney, liver or heart problems may have to limit dietary salt, if their doctor advises. But even the very vocal “low salt” exponent, Dr. Arthur Hull Hayes, Jr admits that “we do not know whether increased sodium consumption causes hypertension.” In fact, there is growing scientific evidence that other factors may be involved: deficiencies in calcium, potassium, perhaps magnesium; obesity (much more dangerous than sodium); genetic predisposition; stress.“It is not your enemy,” says Dr. Laragh. “Salt is the No. 1 natural component of all human tissue, and the idea that you dont need it is wrong. Unless your doctor has proven that you have a salt-related health problem, there is no reason to give it up.”1. According to some doctors and politicians, the amount of salt consumed（）.2. From Dr. Dustans study we can infer that（）.3. In the third paragraph, Dr. Laragh implies that（）.4. The phrase “vocal. exponent” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to（）.5. What is the main message of this text?问题1选项A.exhibits as an aggravating factor to people in poor healthB.cures diseases such as stroke and circulatory disordersC.correlates highly with some diseasesD.is irrelevant to people suffering from heart disease问题2选项A.a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some peopleB.the amount of salt intake has nothing to do with ones blood pressureC.the reduction of salt intake can cure a hypertensive patientD.an extremely low-salt diet makes no difference to anyone问题3选项A.people should not be afraid of taking excessive saltB.doctors should not advise people to avoid saltC.an adequate to excessive salt intake is recommended for people in diseaseD.excessive salt intake has claimed some victims in the general population问题4选项A.eloquent doctorB.articulate opponentC.loud speakerD.strong advocate问题5选项A.The salt scare is not justified.B.The cause of hypertension is now understood.C.The moderate use of salt is recommended.D.Salt consumption is to be promoted.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There is a direct relationship,” US congressman Neal Smith noted, “between the amount of sodium a person consumes and heart disease, circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death.”可知：一些医生和政客认为钠的摄入量和身体健康有直接关系，并会引发多种疾病，甚至早逝