2022年考博英语-西南林业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题It was already known that at least some genetic abnormalities are caused by the absence of specific proteins.问题1选项A.irregularitiesB.similaritiesC.activitiesD.qualities【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项 irregularity “不规则；无规律；不整齐”；B选项 similarity “类似；相似点”；C选项 activity “活动；活动区；活动性”；D选项 quality “质量，统计 品质；特性；才能”。句意：人们已经知道，至少有些基因异常是由缺乏特定蛋白质引起的。结合此处关键词 abnormalities “异常；畸形”，得知A为正确答案。2. 翻译题A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of mans life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters. “They are never alone,” said Sir Philip Sidney, “that are accompanied by noble thoughts.”The good and true thought may in times of temptation be as an angle of mercy purifying and guarding the soul. It also enshrines the germs of action, for good words almost always inspire to good works.【答案】好书常如最精美的宝器，珍藏着人生的思想的精华；因为人的生活世界主要是他的思想世界。因此，最好的书是金玉良言和崇高思想的宝库，这些良言和思想若铭记于心并多加珍视，就会成为我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。菲利普西德尼爵士说过：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤独。”在我们受到诱惑的时候，美好真实的思想可以作为一种仁慈的视角，净化和保护我们的灵魂。这同样孕育着行为的萌芽，因为金玉良言总能激励善行。3. 翻译题随着我国经济的发展和城市化水平的提高,未来的能源消费状况及由此带来的环境污染问题日益受到人们的关注。本文简要回顾了1980年以来我国能源消费状况并分析了相应的环境问题，对我国未来能源状况及可能带来的环境影响设置了3种情景进行了预测和分析，得出我国今后因能源消费的SO2，NOx，CO2和烟尘等排放量依然很高，但不同情景的预测结果有较大区别，并提出通过提高能源效率以及加强清洁、可再生能源的开发利用来解决能源消费带来的环境问题。【答案】With the development of Chinas economy and the improvement of the level of urbanization, the future energy consumption situation and the resulting environmental pollution problems are increasingly concerned by people. This paper briefly reviews the energy consumption status in China since 1980 and analyzes the corresponding environmental problems, the future of our country energy situation and the environmental impact of set up three kinds of situation has carried on the forecast and analysis, it is concluded that the future due to the energy consumption of SO2, NOx and CO2 and soot emissions is still high, but different scenarios predicted results have great differences, and put forward by improving energy efficiency, and strengthen the development and utilization of clean and renewable energy to solve the environmental problems are caused by energy consumption.4. 单选题I am sure that disease must propagate in such unsanitary and crowded areas.问题1选项A.eliminateB.transmitC.replaceD.isolate【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项 eliminate “消除；排除”；B选项 transmit “传输；传播；发射；传达；遗传”；C选项 replace “取代，代替；替换，更换；归还，偿还；把放回原处”；D选项 isolate “（使）隔离，孤立；将剔出；（某物质、细胞等）分离；区别看待（观点、问题等）”。句意：我相信疾病一定会在这样不卫生、拥挤的地方传播。结合此处关键词 propagate “传播；传送；繁殖；宣传”，得知B选项正确。5. 单选题The term “print” has several meanings, so it is important to understand exactly what is meant by the artistic terminology. A print in the artistic sense is not a reproduction of a work of art done in some other medium, such as painting or drawing. That can in no sense be considered a work of art, since the artist had no involvement with it. A print is an original work of art created by an indirect methoD.Instead of making an image directly on a surface, as in drawing or painting, the artist works on a master surface, which may be a sheet of metal, a block of stone, wood, plastic, or linoleum. From this master surface, numerous impressions may be made by inking the surface, laying a sheet of paper on it, and then subjecting both surface and paper to pressure, generally by means of a printing press.A print may exist in several versions. Sometimes the printmaker alters the image between impressions, so that each print is slightly different from the others. Any series of such prints is referred to as multiples. The number of impressions (known as the edition) that are possible from a single original varies with the material. Prints made from linoleum, which wears readily, will be fewer than those made from a metal plate, which is capable of striking fine-quality prints in the thousands. It is customary to number prints as they come off the press, the earlier impressions being the finest and therefore the most desirable.Prints incorporate the same compositional principles, as paintings. Line, shape, or texture may be the predominant element according to the printing technique useD.Some prints have obvious decorative qualities while others may be filled with emotional impact.Printmaking derives from two historical sources: early woodblocks into which an image was cut and used to illustrate a book or playing cards, and the medieval practice of decorating metal with incised designs, as in armor. Today most techniques fall into one of four categories: relief, intaglio, lithography, and serigraphy. However, there are many variations, combinations with photographic techniques, and considerable overlapping.1. In the artistic sense, a print is a work of art