2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题In a supermarket, all commodities are open to customers who can select what they need （ ） .问题1选项A.with their easeB.at their easeC.at their easinessD.with their easiness【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。 at one s ease是固定短语,意为没有拘束的。句意：在超市里, 所有的商品都对顾客开放, 顾客可以自由选择他们需要的东西。2. 单选题The kitchen was small and（ ）so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.问题1选项A.complexB.completeC.compactD.composite【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。complex复合的, 复杂的; complete 完整的, 彻底的; compact 紧凑的, 简洁的; composite 混合的, 综合的。句意：厨房小而紧凑，残疾妇女可以毫不费力地够到任何东西。选项C符合句意。3. 单选题The project goal is for students to build complex and interesting sentences and （ ） , whole paragraphs. The teacher explains.问题1选项A.foremostB.ultimatelyC.readilyD.intimately【答案】B【解析】副词辨析题。foremost首要的，最先的；ultimately最终，根本；readily容易地，乐意地；intimately熟悉地，亲密地。句意：“该项目的目标是让学生构建复杂有趣的句子，最终形成完整的段落。”老师解释道。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题The Maya civilization reached its period of greatest development about A.D.250 and continued to （ ） for hundreds of years.问题1选项A.thriveB.flourishC.prevailD.popularize【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。thrive繁荣, 兴旺, 主要指生长得健壮;flourish繁荣, 兴旺, 指健康地成长发展或处于发展的高峰;prevail盛行, 战胜;popularize普及, 推广。句意：玛雅文明大约在公元250年达到了其最伟大的发展时期, 并持续繁荣了数百年。所以选项B更合适。5. 单选题（ ）from power, he had to go back to his hometown and toil in his little farm.问题1选项A.RelinquishedB.TumbledC.DisplacedD.Retrieved【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。Relinquished放弃；Tumbled倒塌，猛跌；Displaced取代；Retrieved重新取回，挽救。句意：失去权力后，他不得不回到家乡，在他的小农场里劳作。relinquish power指被迫交出权力。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! On a clear night you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of sparkling stars,You can see even more with a telescope. You might see stars where before you only saw dark space. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue. With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. And you can see those objects in more and more details.But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We wont see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year. Thats because theyre invisible. Theyre the mysterious dead stars called black holes.You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesnt seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.As a stars gases burn, they give off light and heat. But when the gas runs out, the star stops burning and begins to die.As the star cools, the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center. The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball. If the star was very small, the star ends up as a cold, dark ball called a black dwarf. If the star was very big, it keeps squashing inward until its packed together tighter than anything in the universe.Imagine if the Earth were crushed until it was the size of a tiny marble. Thats how tightly this dead star, a black hole is packeD.What pulls the star in toward its center with such power? Its the same force that pulls you down when you jumpthe force called gravity. A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everythingeven light. The light from black hole can never come back to your eyes. Thats why you see nothing but blackness.So the next time you stare up at the night sky, remember： theres more in the sky than meets the eyes! Scattered in the silent darkness are black holesthe great mystery of space.1.According to the article, what causes a star to die?2.Which of the following statements is NOT a fact?3.What happens AFTER a star dies?4.Why cant you see light when you look at a black hole?5.What is the main idea of the article?问题1选项A.As its gases run out, it cools down.B.It collides with other stars.C.It can only live for about a million years.D.As it gets hotter and hotter, it explodes.问题2选项A.Black holes are dead stars.B.Black holes have gravity.C.Black holes are invisible.D.There is nothing as mysterious as a black hole.问题3选项A.It becomes invisible.B.It falls to Earth.C.It burns up all of its gases.D.It becomes brighter and easier to see.问题4选项A.Because most black holes are so far away.B.Because the gravity of a black hole is so strong that it sucks the light inward.C.Because as the stars gases burn, it stops giving off heat and light.D.Because as a star cools, its outer layers pull in toward its center.问题5选项A.The future of our Sun billions of years from now.B.The difference between our