2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题One of the responsibilities of the local troops is to make sure that all ships obediently follow traffics rules in busy harbors.问题1选项A.currentlyB.intricatelyC.dutifullyD.distinctly【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。横线单词obediently意为“顺从地；服从地；忠顺地”；A选项“currently”意为“当前；一般地”；B选项“intricately”意为“杂乱地；复杂地”；C选项“dutifully”意为“忠实地；尽责地，忠诚地”；D选项“distinctly”意为“明显地；无疑地，确实地”。句意：当地军队的责任之一是确保所有船只在繁忙的港口顺从地遵守交通规则。由题干可知，follow traffics rules（遵守交通规则），所以军队应该是确保船只忠实、顺从地遵循交通规则，以免出现混乱。由此可知，obediently在此处最可能是“顺从地”的意思，四个选项中dutifully具有“忠实地”的意思，与此相近。因此C选项符合题意。2. 单选题Providing first-class service is one of the tactics the airline adopts to attract passengers.问题1选项A.methodsB.attitudesC.thoughtsD.solutions【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。tactic“策略，手段”；A选项method“方法；手段”；B选项attitude“态度；意见”；C选项thought“思想；想法；关心”；D选项solution“解决方案；溶液；溶解”。句意：提供一流的服务是航空公司吸引乘客的策略之一。根据句中“to attract passengers为吸引乘客”可知tactic在这里的意思为“手段”，因此A选项正确。3. 单选题Because of adverse weather conditions, the travelers stopped to camp.问题1选项A.localB.unfamiliarC.goodD.unfavorable【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。adverse“不利的；相反的；敌对的”；A选项“local 当地的；局部的；地方性的”；B选项unfamiliar“不熟悉的；不常见的”；C选项good“好的；优良的；愉快的”；D选项unfavorable“不利的；令人不快的；不顺利的”。句意：由于天气条件恶劣，旅行者们停下来露营。根据句中“the travelers stopped to camp这些旅客停下了去扎营”可知adverse在这里的意思为“不利的”，因此D选项正确。4. 单选题That was not the first time he（ ） us, I think its high time we（ ）strong actions against him.问题1选项A.betrayed.takeB.had betrayed.tookC.has betrayed.tookD.has betrayed.take【答案】B【解析】语法题考查过去完成时态。It is/was the first time that+完成时表示这是第一次做某事，在这句话中，用完成时主要是为了强调表示过去的某一个动作或行为的影响，所以必须用完成时态。而本句的谓语动词为“was”，所以该动作是发生在过去的过去，要使用过去完成时态。its high time后面接虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式，可排除A、D项。句意：这已经不是他第一次背叛我们了，我想是时候对他采取强硬行动了。因此B选项正确。5. 不定项选择题The Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest books, Doing Our Own Thing, The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English. But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, Why We Should Like, Care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressivethere exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reformshe is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “one paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.1. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English（ ）.2. The word “talking” (paragraph 1) denotes （ ）.3. To which of the following statements is McWhorter most likely to agree?4. The description of Russians love of memorizing poetry shows the authors （ ）.5. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as（ ）.问题1选项A.is inevitable in radical education reformsB.is but all too natural in language developmentC.has caused the controversy over the counter-cultureD.brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s问题2选项A.modestyB.personalityC.livelinessD.informality问题3选项A.Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.B.Black English can be more expressive than standard English.C.Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.D.Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.问题4选项A.interest in their languageB.appreciation of their effortsC.admiration for their memory