2022年考博英语-西南大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could not have imagined how （ ）and extravagant a real Chinese banquet could be.问题1选项A.fabulousB.graciousC.handsomeD.prominent【答案】A【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。fabulous “难以置信的；极好的”；gracious“亲切的；高尚的”；handsome“（男子）英俊的”； prominent“突出的，显著的”。句意：我经常吃中餐，但是我无法想象真正的中式宴会会有多么好，多么奢侈。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even when （ ）in the middle of the Pacific, businessman can contact their offices as if they were next door.问题1选项A.glidingB.cruisingC.pilotingD.patrolling【答案】B【解析】考察动词（ing形式）词义辨析。Gliding “滑动，掠过”； cruising “航行（海上）”；piloting “航行（空中）”；patrolling “巡逻，巡查”。句意：卫星通讯是如此与时俱进以致于商人们即使在太平洋上航行都可以与办公室职员联系，就如同他们就在隔壁。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题Although it was his first experience as chairman: he （ ）over the meeting with great skill.问题1选项A.presidedB.administeredC.masteredD.executed【答案】A【解析】考察固定搭配。preside over “主持”。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking. Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing mangers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenbergs recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.1.According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways except to（ ）.2.The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2?3.It can be referred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis?4.The text provides support for which of the following statements?5.Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text?问题1选项A.speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.B.identify a problem.C.bring together disparate facts.D.stipulate clear goals.问题2选项A.They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.B.They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.C.They have relied in drawing their conc