2022年考博英语-四川大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, （ ） schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.问题1选项A.compellingB.forcedC.obligedD.compulsory【答案】D【解析】compulsory schooling指义务教育, 为习惯用法。compelling引人注目的；forced强迫的；obliged感激的, 有责任的；compulsory义务的, 必修的。句意：和在英国其他地方一样, 苏格兰的义务教育从5岁开始, 到16岁结束。选项D正确。2. 单选题The kitchen was small and （ ） so that the disabled could reach everything without difficulty.问题1选项A.conventionalB.compactC.compatibleD.concise【答案】B【解析】conventional传统的, 习用的, 平常的;compact紧凑的, 简洁的;compatible协调的；concise简明的, 简约的。句意：这间厨房小巧紧凑, 残疾人可以很方便的够到所有的东西。3. 单选题a large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is_ conditions or events.问题1选项A.in response toB.in favor ofC.in contrast toD.in excess of【答案】A【解析】短语辨析。in response to响应，回答；in favor of有利于，支持，赞同；in contrast to与形成对照；in excess of超过。句意：人类活动的很大一部分，特别是与环境有关的活动，是对条件或事件的反应。选项A符合句意。4. 单选题A drunk man walked in, _ in appearance.问题1选项A.repulsiveB.reluctantC.reproachfulD.reputed【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析。repulsive排斥的，令人厌恶的； reluctant不情愿的，勉强的；reproachful责备的；reputed名誉好的。句意：一个醉汉走进来了, 他看起来让人厌恶。5. 单选题The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on societys definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence was frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial society with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of ones life. Furthermore the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society.In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status, roles, rights, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult right. At the age of sixteen the adolescence is granted certain adult rights which increase his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a drivers license lie can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights The young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contacts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after maturity status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what points adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.1.The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because （ ）2.Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to （ ） .3.No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is （ ） .4.Starting from 22 （ ）.5.According to this passage, it is TURE that （ ）.问题1选项A.the definition of maturity has changedB.the industrialized society is more developedC.more education is provided and laws against child labor are madeD.ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance问题2选项A.graduations from schools and collegesB.social recognitionC.socio-economic statusD.certain behavioral changes问题3选项A.eleven years oldB