2022年考博英语-武汉大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Walls and wall building have played a very important role in Chinese culture. These people, from the dim mists of prehistory have been wall-conscious; from the Neolithic periodwhen ramparts of pounded earth were used-to the Communist Revolution, walls were an essential part of any village. Not only towns and villages, the houses and the temples within them were somehow walled, and the houses also had no windows overlooking the street, thus giving the feeling of wandering around a huge maze. The name for “city” in Chinese means wall, and over these walled cities, villages, houses and temples presides the god of walls and mounts,whose duties were, and still are, to protect and be responsible for the welfare of the inhabitants. Thus a great and extremely laborious task such as constructing a wall, which was supposed to run through the country, must not have seemed such an absurdity.However,it is indeed a common mistake to perceive the great wall as a single architectural structure, and it would also be erroneous to assume that it was built during a single dynasty. For the building of the wall spanned the various dynasties and each of these dynasties somehow contributed to the reburbishing and the construction of a wall, whose foundations had been laid many centuries ago. It was during the fourth and third century B. C. that each warring state started building walls to protect their kingdoms, both against one another and against the northern nomads. Especially three of these states: the Qin, the Zhao and the Yan, corresponding respectively to the modern provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Hebei, over and above building walls that surrounded their kindoms, also laid the foundations on which Qin Shi Huang Di would build his first continuous Great Wall.The role that the Great Wall played in the growth of Chinese economy was an important one. Throughout the centuries many settlements were established along the new border. The garrison troops were instructed to reclaim wasteland and to plant crops on it, roads and canals were built, to mention just a few of the works carried out. All these undertakings greatly helped to increase the countrys trade and cultural exchanges with many remote areas and also with the southern, central and western parts of Asiathe formation of the Silk Route. Builders, garrisons,artisans,farmers and peasants left behind a trail of objects, including inscribed tablets, household articles, and written work, which have become extremely valuable archaeological evidence to the study of defense institutions of the Great Wall and the everyday life of these people who lived and died along the wall.1.Chinese cities resembled a maze because（ ）.2.Constructing a wall that ran the length of the country （ ） .3.The Great Wall of China （ ） .4.Crops were planted（ ） .问题1选项A.they were designed to protect their kingdomsB.the houses had no external windowsC.the name for cities means “wall”D.walls have always been important there问题2选项A.honored the god of walls and mountsB.was an absurdly laborious taskC.may have made sense within Chinese cultureD.made the country look like a huge maze问题3选项A.used existing foundationsB.was built in a single dynastyC.was built by the Qin, the Zhao and the YanD.was refurbished in the fourth and third centuries B. C.问题4选项A.on wastelandB.to reclaim wastelandC.on reclaimed wastelandD.along the canals【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:C【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】1. Chinese cities resembled a maze because _. 1. 中国城市就像一个迷宫，因为_。A. they were designed to protect their kingdoms A. 它们被设计来保护它们的王国B. the houses had no external windows B. 房子没有外部窗户C. the name for cities means “wall” C. 城市的意思是“墙”D. walls have always been important there D. 在那里，墙一直都很重要【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据第一段第三句“不仅是城镇和村庄，房屋和寺庙都有围墙，房子也没有窗户可以俯瞰街道，给人一种在巨大迷宫中漫步的感觉（giving the feeling of wandering around a huge maze）”，从中可知，中国的城市像一个迷宫，是因为房子没有窗户，B项正确。【干扰项排除】A项“它们被设计来保护它们的王国”是公元前4世纪和公元前3世纪的国家修护城墙的目的，和题干无关，张冠李戴；C项“城市的意思是墙”和D项“在那里，墙一直都很重要”虽然在文中有提及，但是并不符合题干的问题，属于张冠李戴。第2题:2.【选项释义】2. Constructing a wall that ran the length of the country _. 2. 建造一堵贯穿整个国家的墙_。A. honored the god of walls and mounts A. 是为了纪念墙神和山神B. was an absurdly laborious task B. 是一项极其费力的工作C. may have made sense within Chinese culture C. 可能在中国文化中有意义D. made the country look like a huge maze D. 让这个国家看起来像个巨大的迷宫【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段最后一句“因此，像修筑一堵穿越全国的城墙这样艰巨而又极其费力的工作，就不会显得如此荒谬了”，结合它的上一句“在这些有城墙的城市、村庄、房屋和寺庙的上方，有墙神和山神，他们的职责过去是现在依然是保护和负责居民的福利”综合理解可知，修筑贯穿全国的高墙是一项艰巨而又费力的工作，但是在中国文化中，城墙上有墙神和山神，来保佑居民的福利；所以建造一堵贯穿整个国家的墙在中国的文化中是具有一定意义的，C项“可能在中国文化中有意义”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“是为了纪念墙神和山神”根据解题思路可知，该项曲解原文；B项“是一项极其费力的工作”虽然在文中确有提及，但不是题干问的重点之处，属于本末倒置；D项“让这个国家看起来像个巨大的迷宫”与建造一堵贯穿整个国家的墙的原因无关，偷换概念。第3题:3.【选项释义】3. The Great Wall of China _. 3. 中国长城_。A. used existing foundations A. 使用存