2022年考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from “invisible earnings” to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional $375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma（古希腊银币）out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus - $66 million. Greece has a decent one third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing（接合）incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities.In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I dont mean to minimize the vast extent of Greeces problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here: “Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the backward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek governments red tape and shrewdness about small points.”Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Romewithout the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.1.The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is（ ）.2.Many peasants earn less than（ ）.3.The Greek Government spends（ ）.4.According to the passage, Greece has（ ）.5.Greece imports annually goods and materials （ ）.问题1选项A.Greek income and expendituresB.The improving economic situation in GreeceC.The value of tourismD.Military expenditures问题2选项A.$60 a weekB.$2 a weekC.$1 a dayD.$10 a month问题3选项A.more than 25% of its budget on military termsB.More than its collectsC.A third of a billion dollars in goldD.Less than 25% of its budget on military terms问题4选项A.a dictatorshipB.a monarchyC.a single majority partyD.too much red tape问题5选项A.totaling almost $700 millionB.that balanceexportsC.that are paid by touristsD.costing $66 million【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。文章首先指出了希腊经济的不景气，人均收入低，失业严重，然而随着旅游业的发展，情况有了很大的转变，经济明显增长，因此B选项“希腊经济形势的改善”符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据文章第三段中“At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant”可知许多农民的收入处于60-70美元一年，计算下来与每周少于2美元最接近，因此选B。3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中“ Although more than one drachma（古希腊银币）out of four goes for defense”可知超过四分之一的钱用于军事方面，因此选A。4.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities.”政府不依靠不相容的政党之间的合作来获得议会的多数席位，可知希腊是单一大党，因此选C5.推理判断题。根据第一段中“From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional $375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.”可知希腊出口额为2.85亿美元，进口额超过出口额4亿美元，那么希腊的出口额为6.7亿美元，接近7亿美元，因此选A。2. 翻译题Translate the following into Chinese.Winners have different potentials. Achievement is not the most important thing. Authenticity is. The authentic person experiences the reality of himself by knowing himself, being himself, and becoming a credible, responsive person. He actualizes his own unprecedented uniqueness, and appreciates the uniqueness of others.Global value chains, or GVCs, are not a new phenomenon, but they have expanded and deepened significantly in recent years, offering greater opportunities for developing countries to integrate into the global economy at lower costs. Improvements in communication technology and declining transportation cos