2022年考博英语-江西师范大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to the rulers by ancient writers, who relate how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi-animal, semi-human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that one without the other is not durable.A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this percept would not be a good one; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wishes to show colorable excuse for the unfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and also how many times peace has been broken, and how man promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves be to deceived.26. The writer does not believe that _.27. “Prince” in the passage designates _.28. The lion represents those who are _.29. The fox, in the passage, is _.30. The writer suggests that a successful leader must _.问题1选项A.the truth makes men freeB.people can protect themselvesC.princes are humanD.leaders have to be consistent问题2选项A.anyone in powerB.elected officialsC.aristocratsD.sons of kings问题3选项A.too trustingB.reliant on forceC.strong and powerfulD.lacking in intelligence问题4选项A.admired for his trickeryB.no match for the lionC.pitied for his wilesD.considered worthless问题5选项A.be prudent and faithfulB.cheat and lieC.have principle to guide his actionsD.follow the truth【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:B【解析】26.【选项释义】26. The writer does not believe that _. 26. 作者不相信_。A. the truth makes men free A. 真理使人自由B. people can protect themselves B. 人们可以保护自己C. princes are human C. 王子是人类D. leaders have to be consistent D. 领导者必须始终如一【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】本文主要论述了人类斗争方式和野兽斗争方式的相同和异同之处。作者认为 by law（法律）是人类所用的斗争方式，by force（武力）是动物采用的斗争方式，而从第二段对王子的描述可以看出，王子们只会the method of fighting by force（用武力对抗的方法）；综合理解，可推断作者认为王子不属于人这一类。故该题选择C项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“真理使人自由”和B选项“人们可以保护自己”没提及，无中生有；D选项“领导者必须始终如一”与原文相反，作者认为作为领导者，应该要很好的伪装自己，该项反向干扰。27.【选项释义】27. “Prince” in the passage designates _. 27.“王子”在文中指的是_。A. anyone in power A. 有权利的人B. elected officials B. 民选官员C. aristocrats C. 贵族D. sons of kings D. 国王的儿子【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】通读全文可知，由第一段的第二和第三句“因此，一个王子有必要知道如何使用兽和人。这是古代作家秘密教导统治者的（taught to the rulers）”可知，文章中的“王子”是指领导别人的人，结合第二段，该段讲述了王子应该模仿狐狸和狮子，像野兽一样行事，第三句提到“所以一个谨慎的统治者（a prudent ruler）不应当守信，因为守信有损于他的利益，使他约束自己的理由也不存在了”，综上所述推断，“princes”指的是有权利的统治者。该题选择A项正确。【干扰项排除】B选项“民选官员”、C选项“贵族”根据解题思路可知，这两项属于曲解原文；D选项“国王的儿子”，文章中用的是比喻的手法，将prince比作ruler，并不是表示国王的儿子，所以该项属于曲解原文。28.【选项释义】28. The lion represents those who are _. 28. 狮子代表的是_的人。A. too trusting A. 太相信别人B. reliant on force B. 依赖武力C. strong and powerful C. 强有力的D. lacking in intelligence D. 缺乏智慧【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“狮子无法保护自己不受陷阱的伤害，狐狸也无法保护自己不受狼的伤害”，这是狮子和狐狸的鲜明对比，狮子不能躲过陷阱，而狐狸逃脱不了被狼袭击的命运，故我们能看出狮子是靠自己的力量。因此，B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“太相信别人”、C选项“强有力的”和D选项“缺乏智慧”与原文不符，曲解原文。29.【选项释义】29. The fox, in the passage, is _. 29. 根据文章，狐狸_。A. admired for his trickery A. 因诡计多端而受到称赞B. no match for the lion B. 不是狮子的对手C. pitied for his wiles C. 因诡计多端而令人同情D. considered worthless D. 被认为一文不值【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“狮子无法保护自己不受陷阱的伤害，狐狸也无法保护自己不受狼的伤害”，这是狮子和狐狸的鲜明对比，狮子不能躲过陷阱，而狐狸能躲过陷阱和圈套，故狐狸在这篇文章中因为有计谋而受到称赞。因此，A项正确。【干扰项排除】B选项“不是狮子的对手”在文中并没有对它们进行比较，而是作对比，曲解原文；C选项“因诡计多端而令人同情”推断错误，与原文表述不符，曲解原文；D选项“被认为一文不值”没提到，无中生有。30.【选项释义】30. The writer suggests that a successful leader must _. 30. 作者建议一个成功的领导者必须_。A. be prudent and faithful A. 谨慎和忠诚B. cheat and lie B. 欺骗和撒谎C. have principle to guide his actions C. 有原则来指导他的行动D. follow the truth D. 遵循真理【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段后部分